矿井U型工作面火灾烟流危险性控制的模拟分析

Simulation analysis on hazard control of fire smoke flow in U-shaped mining face

为研究局部反风和自动喷淋系统在矿井工作面灾后有效降低烟流危险性的效果,采用FDS软件模拟某煤矿“U”型通风工作面进风侧发生火灾时,风门局部反风、正常通风和自动喷淋系统联动及局部反风和自动喷淋共同作用3种工况下矿井工作面危险因素的变化规律。研究结果表明:仅加入自动喷淋系统时火源点附近温度降幅在20℃左右,能见度、CO_(2)气体体积分数均无显著变化;反风导致风流紊乱,进风侧温度急剧升高,反风的同时加入自动喷淋系统可使得工作面入风侧最高环境温度降幅达100℃,稳态环境温度降低40℃;风门局部反风、火源功率为1 MW时,灾后在180~300 s内采取反风措施最有利于作业人员的疏散;风门局部反风、火源功率为2 MW时,灾后在240 s前采取反风措施最有利于作业人员的疏散。综上,采用风门局部反风和自动喷淋系统联动措施确能更好地控制工作面的烟流危险性,在此基础上提出风门局部反风措施的最佳时间区间。研究结果可为同类型矿井工作面火灾烟流危险性控制提供参考。

To study the effect of local anti-wind and automatic sprinkler system on reducing the smoke flow hazard in mining face after disaster,FDS software was used to simulate the change of hazardous factors in mining face under three types of conditions:local anti-wind of damper,linkage of normal ventilation and automatic sprinkler system,and combined action of local anti-wind and automatic sprinkler when the fire occurred on the air intake side of U-shaped ventilation working face in a certain coal mine.The results show that when only adding the automatic sprinkler system,the temperature near the fire source drops by about 20℃,and there are no significant change in visibility and CO_(2)volume fraction.The anti-wind leads to wind flow disorder,the temperature of the air intake side rises sharply,and the addition of automatic sprinkler system to anti-wind at the same time can reduce the maximum ambient temperature of the air intake side of the working face by 100℃and the steady-state ambient temperature by 40℃.Under the conditions of local anti-wind of damper with the fire source power of 1 MW,taking the anti-wind measure in 180~300 s after the disaster is most conducive to the evacuation of operators.Under the conditions of local anti-wind of damper with the fire source power of 2 MW,it is most conducive to the evacuation of operators to take the anti-wind measure before 240 s after the disaster.In summary,the linkage measures of local anti-wind of damper and automatic sprinkler system can indeed better control the smoke flow hazard of the working face,and on this basis,the optimal time range of the local anti-wind measure of damper is proposed.The research results can provide a reference for the control of the fire smoke flow hazard of mining faces with the same type.