传统《格萨尔》早期版本与桑珠说唱本故事情节比较——以《地狱篇》为例

Comparison of the Story plots between the Early traditional Gesar and Bsam Grub’s Versions--take the Chapter of Hell as an Example

《地狱篇》是格萨尔王完成了他从天界诞生到人间,降服妖魔、除暴安良后返回天界的结尾篇,先后有传统《格萨尔》早期版本《地狱大圆满》和桑珠艺人说唱本《地狱大解脱》两种版本。本文通过对比研究,发现桑珠艺人的说唱本沿袭了传统本《地狱大圆满》中格萨尔王地狱救母的母题线索,运用史诗说唱中不同的叙事程式和习惯性修辞、衬词、套语等构筑诗行,并根据艺人的个人经验和价值观对已有框架进行了创新和构建。相比传统文本中对岭国英雄的善终与格萨尔王回归净土的情节,桑珠版本在格萨尔王解救和宽恕仇敌的情节中注输了更多的思想情感。这种书写富含了人文关怀精神,是桑珠艺人自身对“大解脱”的理解与诠释。

Among the many versions of Gesar,“Hell”is the concluding chapter in which King Gesar completed his birth from heaven to the human world,surrendered demons,eliminated violence,and returned to heaven.There are two versions:the"Great Perfection of Hell"in the early versions of traditional Gesar and the"Great Liberation of Hell"in Bsam Grub’s version.Through comparing these two versions,this article finds that the version by the artist Bsam Grub follows the theme clues from"Great Perfection of Hell,"where King Gesar rescues his mother from hell and then utilizes different narrative procedures and habits in epic rap,rhetoric,and also uses the artist's personal experiences and values to construct more innovative framework.Compared with the plot of the heroic death and return of King Gesar to the pure land in the traditional version,Bsam Grub’s version injects more thoughts and emotions into the plot of King Gesar rescuing and forgiving his enemies.The writing is rich in the spirit of humanistic care and reflects the bard Bsam Grub's understanding and interpretation of the“Great Liberation of Hell."