“双碳”背景下黑龙江省乳业碳排放效率研究

Research on Carbon Emission Efficiency of Dairy Industry in Heilongjiang Province under the Background of"Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals"

在“双碳”目标下,推进全产业链的绿色转型与升级是黑龙江省乳业发展的必由之路。通过测算2010-2020年黑龙江省乳业碳排放总量,运用包含非期望产出的超效率SBM模型与Malmquist-Luenberger指数相结合的方法,对比内蒙古、河北、河南、陕西、新疆、江苏、浙江、北京、上海等地区,分析了黑龙江省乳业碳排放的静态和动态效率。研究结果表明,黑龙江省乳业碳排放总量整体呈下降趋势,奶牛养殖的胃肠发酵环节和粪便管理环节是乳业碳排放的主要来源;相比其他地区,黑龙江省乳业碳排放静态效率稳步提升,但仍存在上升空间;黑龙江省乳业碳排放的动态效率呈现先波动后平稳的总体趋势,乳业碳排放动态效率的提高依赖于管理水平的提升和技术进步。在此基础上,提出发展生态牧场,打造绿色工厂;加强乳业低碳技术的研发和应用;强化乳业全产业链的碳排放规制等降低黑龙江省乳业碳排放,实现绿色发展的对策建议。

Under the"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals",promoting the green transformation and upgrading of the entire industrial chain is the only way for the development of the dairy industry in Heilongjiang province.By calculating the total carbon emissions of dairy industry in Heilongjiang province from 2010 to 2020.Using the Super-SBM model with undesirable output and Malmquist-Luenberger index to analyze the static and dynamic efficiency of dairy carbon emissions in Heilongjiang province.And compared the results with Inner Mongolia,Hebei,Henan,Shaanxi,Xinjiang,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Beijing,Shanghai and other regions.The results show a downward trend as a whole for the total carbon emissions of dairy industry in Heilongjiang province,and the gastrointestinal fermentation and manure management links of dairy farming are the main sources of carbon emissions from dairy industry.Compared with other regions,Heilongjiang's static efficiency of carbon emissions has steadily improved,but there is still room for improvement.The dynamic efficiency of dairy carbon emissions in Heilongjiang province shows an overall trend of fluctuating first and then stabilizing,and the improvement of the dynamic efficiency of dairy carbon emissions depends on the improvement of management level and technological progress.On this basis,it is proposed to develop ecological ranches and build green factories;strengthen the development and application of low-carbon technologies in the dairy industry;strengthen the carbon emission regulation of the whole dairy industry chain and other countermeasures and suggestions to reduce the carbon emissions of the dairy industry in Heilongjiang province and achieve green development.