黑果枸杞种子萌发及幼苗生长效应研究

Effect Studies of Different Treatments on Seed Germination and Seeding Growth of Lycium ruthenicum

为探究黑果枸杞播种籽实不同处理(种子未处理-S、种子水浸泡-SW、种子水浸泡兼高锰酸钾处理-SWK、果实未处理-F、果实水浸泡-FW、果实水浸泡兼高锰酸钾处理-FWK)对发芽及其幼苗生长发育的影响,对种子发芽率及生长约1月龄的容器苗地上(苗高、茎高、叶片数)和地下(根长、侧根数)生长量进行了测定分析。结果表明,黑果枸杞果实播种发芽较种子播种发芽晚10天左右,且果实播种发芽时间较为集中;在幼苗期生长发育较快且地下生长量大于地上生长量,并且地上和地下所有生长指标间都显著相关(p<0.01),但地上和地下生长量在籽实不同处理的株间变异较大。试验考虑的3个因素即籽实类型、水浸处理和高锰酸钾处理对黑果枸杞幼苗地上和地下生长发育的影响不同,其中,籽实类型的影响大而广,对地上和地下生长量都有明显的影响,籽实中的种子播种苗生长量普遍大于果实播种苗,而且茎高、根长和侧根数多个指标在籽实类型间达到显著差异水平(p<0.05);而水浸处理和高锰酸钾处理的影响小而窄,主要对地下生长量尤其对种子播种苗的地下生长量有明显影响。相比之下,水浸处理效果好,高锰酸钾处理对地下生长量的影响是负面的,而水浸处理的影响是正面的,而且水浸各处理的地上和地下生长量都普遍较大,尤其处理SW,其根长与SWK间,侧根数和茎高与S处理间均达到显著差异水平(p<0.05),同时茎高、根长和侧根数与F、FW、FWK处理间也达到显著水平(p<0.05)。说明,黑果枸杞以水浸处理的种子播种效果较好。

For determining the effects of seed types(seeds,fruits)and seed treatments(untreated seeds-S,water soaking seed-SW,water with KMnO4 soaking seed-SWK,untreated fruit-F,water soaking fruit-FW,water with KMnO4 soaking fruit-FWK)on the growth of Lycium ruthenicum container seedling in lab,the above ground and underground growth of about 1-month-old seedling was measured and analyzed.The results indicated:the germination time of fruit sowing was about 10 days later than that of seed sowing,and the germination time of fruit sowing was more concentrated.L.ruthenicum grew faster in seedling stage and its underground growth was larger than above ground growth,and all growth indexes were significantly correlated(p<0.01).However,the above ground and underground growth varied greatly among plants of different treatments.The effects of 3 factors(seed types,water immersion and KMnO4 treatments)on the growth of L.ruthenicum seedlings were different.Among them,the seed types had a big and wide effect on the growth of L.ruthenicum seedlings,and it significantly affected both above ground and underground growth.Furthermore,the above ground and underground growth of seed-seeded seedlings was generally greater than that of fruit-seeded seedlings,and there were significant differences in stem height,root length and lateral root number between seeds and fruit-seeded seedlings(p<0.05).While,the effects of water immersion and KMnO4 treatment were small and narrow,mainly on the underground growth especially on the underground growth of seed-seeded seedlings.Compared with KMnO4 treatment,the effect of water immersion was better,the influence of KMnO4 treatment on the underground growth was negative,whereas the influence of water treatment was positive,and its above ground and underground growth were generally bigger for various water treatments,especially for SW,there were significant differences in root length between SW and SWK and lateral root number,stem height between S and SW(p<0.05).At the same time,stem height,root length and lateral root number were significant between SW and F,FW,FWK(p<0.05).In general,L.ruthenicum was best sown with water-treated seeds.