轨道交通车辆转向架主动径向控制器

Active Radial Controller for Rail Transit Vehicle Bogies

[目的]轨道交通车辆传统转向架的定位刚度较大,在通过中小半径曲线时,轮轨间存在明显的横向力,导致轮轨磨耗较大,运营效率不高。为了提高轨道交通车辆的运行稳定性和曲线通过性能,提出一种转向架主动径向系统。[方法]介绍了主动径向系统及其控制原理;介绍了径向控制器的软件和硬件设计流程;建立车辆动力学模型,结合系统其他部件,通过半实物仿真试验和环行线路试验对径向控制器的功能及性能进行验证。[结果及结论]无论采用引导型主动检测模式还是精确型信标检测模式,径向控制器均能有效探测到曲线段,使转向架轮对趋于径向位置通过曲线段,且符合实际的线路信息。列车在进出曲线时,径向控制器能够驱动径向作动器即刻或提前完成动作,有效改善迟滞时间。仿真试验和环行线路试验结果表明,安装有主动径向系统转向架的列车在通过曲线段时,其轮轨横向力的变化趋势一致,均明显小于传统车辆被动式曲线通过状态下的参数指标,其中导向轮对的表现尤为突出。所提主动径向控制器能够提高列车的曲线段通过性能,降低轮轨磨耗。

[Objective]Conventional positioning stiffness of rail transit vehicle bogies results in significant lateral forces between wheels and rails,leading to substantial wear and reduced operational efficiency when navigating curves with small to medium radii.To enhance the operational stability and curve negotiation performance of rail transit vehicles,an active radial system for bogies is proposed.[Method]The active radial system and the control principles are introduced.The software and hardware design process of the radial controller is outlined.A vehicle dynamics model is established,integrating with other system components.The functionality and performance of the radial controller are verified through semi-physical simulation experiments and circular track tests.[Result&Conclusion]Whether adopting a guided active detection mode or a precise beacon detection mode,the radial controller can effectively detect curve segments,aligning the bogie wheelsets toward radial positions during curve negotiation in accordance with the actual track information.When entering or exiting curves,the radial controller can drive the radial actuator to act immediately or in advance,effectively reducing the lag time.Simulation and circular track test results demonstrate that trains equipped with bogies featuring the active radial system exhibit a consistent and significantly lower variation in wheel-rail lateral force compared to conventional passive curve negotiation states.The performance of the guiding wheelsets is particularly outstanding.The proposed active radial controller improves the curve negotiation performance of trains and reduces wheel-rail wear.