地铁站分体式蒸发冷凝制冷系统

Decentralized Split Evaporative Condensation Refrigeration System for Metro Stations

[目的]蒸发冷凝制冷系统具有节能、节水、节地及无需地面冷却塔装置等优点,近年来蒸发冷凝制冷系统在地铁项目中的应用越来越多,因此需对地铁站分体式蒸发冷凝制冷系统进行分析研究。[方法]介绍了蒸发冷凝制冷系统及其制冷原理;以北京某地铁车站为例,结合其车站实际情况,对蒸发冷凝制冷系统的适用性、选型设置、设备布置、系统能效等进行了分析;分析了蒸发冷凝系统工程应用中常见的火灾工况、配管长度、水质处理、防水及防腐蚀等问题。[结果及结论]相较于传统冷水式螺杆式机组制冷系统,分体式蒸发冷凝制冷系统具有一定的节能优势。火灾工况时,应保证风墙嵌装型蒸发冷凝装置的燃烧性能整体达到A级不燃,并在嵌装位置采取有效的防火封堵措施。采取有效的水处理措施,减少水垢凝结对蒸发冷凝制冷系统运行效率的影响。各机组间的配管长度应控制在合理范围,以减少对蒸发冷凝制冷系统制冷量及能效比的影响。蒸发冷凝装置出风侧墙体及地面宜做防水处理。

[Objective]Evaporative condensation refrigeration systems are characterized by energy efficiency,water conservation,space savings,not requiring ground cooling tower installations.The application of evaporative condensation refrigeration system in metro projects is increasing in recent years.Therefore,there is a need to analyze and study the split evaporative condensation refrigeration systems for metro stations.[Method]The above system and its refrigeration principles are introduced.Taking a metro station in Beijing as example and considering its actual conditions,the applicability,type selection and configuration,equipment layout,and system energy efficiency of the evaporative condensation refrigeration system are analyzed.Common issues in engineering application of evaporative condensation systems such as fire condition,piping length,water quality treatment,waterproofing and corrosion prevention are addressed.[Result&Conclusion]Compared to conventional chilled water screw unit refrigeration systems,the split evaporative condensation refrigeration system has certain energy-saving advantages.During fire conditions,it is essential to ensure that the combustion performance of the embedded evaporative condensation device in the wind wall reaches Class A non-combustibility level.Effective fire sealing measures should be implemented at the installation location.Adopting effective water treatment measures will reduce the impact of limescale condensation on the efficiency of the evaporative condensation refrigeration system.Piping lengths between units should be controlled within a reasonable range to minimize the impact on the refrigeration capacity and energy efficiency ratio of the system.Waterproofing treatment is recommended for the windward side walls and the ground around the evaporative condensation device.