不同育苗孔穴及播种时间对烟株生长发育和质量影响

Effects of Different Seedling Holes and Sowing Time on the Growth Development and Quality of Tobacco Plants

为探究不同育苗孔穴和播种时间对烟株大田生长发育和质量的影响,筛选出合适的育苗孔穴数并确定合理的播种时间,2023年在乐安县湖溪乡进行了72孔育苗与128孔育苗对比试验,并对大田期烟株物质积累及质量进行了测定。得出如下结果:一是在大田前期,72孔育苗方式下烟株的生长发育具有明显优势,团棵期的叶片干物质积累量比常规128孔处理下提高28.1%,但该优势随生育发育过程逐步减小。在成熟期,72孔育苗下烟株叶片干物质积累比128孔处理的提高3.2%并且在72孔处理下烟株最终出叶数虽比常规128孔减少0.5~1片,但最大叶长有所增加。二是72孔处理的烟株在烤后中部烟比例比常规128孔降低,产量提升。三是试验结果显示12月29日播种处理的烟株比12月22日播种烟株的产质量有所提升。四是烟株中部叶的结构、油分等外观品质在不同孔穴处理下差异不显著,但较早播种处理下的烟株中部叶身份比晚移栽有一定下降。

In order to explore the effects of different seedling holes and sowing time on the growth and quality of tobacco plants in the field,select the appropriate number of seedling holes and determine the reasonable planting time,a comparative test of 72 and 128 well seedling cultivation was conducted in Huxi Township of Le'an County in 2023,and the material accumulation and quality of tobacco plants in the field period were measured.The results were as follows:First,in the early stage of the field,the growth and development of tobacco plants under the 72-well cultivation method had obvious advantages,and the dry matter accumulation of leaves in the cluster seedling stage was 28.1%higher than that under the conventional 128-well treatment,but the advantages gradually decreased with the growth and development process.At the maturity stage,the dry matter accumulation of leaves under 72-well treatment was 3.2%higher than that under 128-well treatment,and the final number of leaves under 72-well treatment was 0.5~1 less than that under conventional 128-well treatment,but the maximum leaf length was increased.Second,the proportion of smoke in the middle of the 72-well treatment plant after roasting is lower than that of the conventional 128 well,and the yield is increased.Thirdly,the test results showed that the yield quality of the plant sown on December 29 was improved compared with that on December 22.Fourth,there was no significant difference in the structure and oil content of the middle leaves under different hole treatment,but the identity of the middle leaves under earlier sowing treatment was lower than that under later transplanting.