煤炭黄腐酸的提取方法及应用研究进展

Research progress on extraction method and application of fulvic acid from coal

从低阶煤中提取煤炭黄腐酸对于高效利用煤炭资源,提升低阶煤高附加值具有重要意义。文章介绍了黄腐酸的种类、来源、组成及理化性质,概述了碱溶酸析法、硫酸丙酮法、离子交换树脂法、化学氧化法和电渗析法的提取原理、特点及研究现状,总结了煤炭黄腐酸在化工(吸附、催化、电容器、电池)、医药、农业等领域的研究现状,并针对煤炭黄腐酸组成和结构的确定、提取方法的改进以及表面官能团的调控进行了展望。

Extracting coal-based fulvic acid from low rank coal is of great significance for efficient utilization of coal resources and enhancement of high added value of low rank coal.This paper introduces the types,sources,compositions and physical and chemical properties of fulvic acid,summarizes the extraction principle,characteristics and research status of alkali-soluble acid extraction,acetone sulfate extraction,ion exchange resin extraction,chemical oxidation and electrodialysis extraction,and summarizes the research status of coal fulvic acid in chemical industry(adsorption,catalysis,capacitor,battery),medicine,agriculture and other fields.The determination of the composition and structure of coal fulvic acid,the improvement of extraction methods and the regulation of surface functional groups are prospectively discussed.