产业数字化政策赋能制造业高质量发展的机制研究——来自15项试点政策的实证检验

Research on the Mechanism of Industrial Digitalization Policy Empowering High-quality Development of Manufacturing Industry——An Empirical Testing from 15 Pilot Policies

制造业高质量发展是我国社会主义现代化强国建设的基本产业支撑和重要保障。从政策赋能机制视角出发,以2010—2020年15项产业数字化细分政策和制造业上市公司面板数据为样本进行实证检验,结果发现:产业数字化政策主要通过提高劳动力质量、增加研发投入两种机制赋能制造业企业劳动生产率,但具体细分政策在机制选择上存在明显差异。进一步分析显示,两种机制的效果存在企业技术水平、规模及区位的异质性。其中,产业数字化政策更易通过影响劳动力质量作用于中高技术、特大型、东部企业;通过影响研发资本投入作用于中低技术、中型、中部企业,且企业规模越大,研发资本投入路径的赋能贡献越低。本文对我国产业数字化的相关政策实践进行了统一评估,其中对政策影响机制的探究为制造业高质量发展提供了可拓展的政策选择方向,这对我国实现产业转型升级具有借鉴和参考意义。

The high-quality development of the manufacturing industry is the basic industrial support and important guarantee for building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects.From the perspective of policy enabling mechanism,this research conducts an empirical test with 15 industrial digital segmentation policies and Panel data of listed manufacturing companies from 2010 to 2020.The results show that the industrial digital policy mainly enables the labor productivity of manufacturing enterprises by improving labor quality and increasing R&D investment,but there are obvious differences in the choice of mechanism paths for specific segmentation policies.Further analysis shows that the effects of the two mechanisms are heterogeneous in terms of enterprise technology level,scale,and location.Industrial digitization policies are more likely to affect mid to high tech,mega sized,and eastern enterprises by affecting labor quality.By influencing R&D capital investment,it affects mid to low tech,medium-sized,and central enterprises.And the larger the enterprise size,the lower the empowering contribution of R&D capital investment path.This research provides a unified evaluation of the relevant policy practices of industrial digitization in China.The exploration of the policy impact mechanism provides an expandable direction for the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry,which has reference significance for achieving industrial transformation and upgrading in China.