基础研究对我国高技术制造业全要素生产率影响的实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Basic Research on the TFP of China’s High-tech Manufacturing Industry

探索基础研究对高技术制造业生产率的影响是解析基础研究与经济关系的重要视角。本文利用中国省级面板数据,以Hicks-Moorsteen指数法测度全要素生产率(TFP),就基础研究对高技术制造业TFP的影响及机制进行实证分析。研究发现:基础研究对高技术制造业TFP具有一定积极作用,且存在长期滞后效应。影响机制分析表明,技术效率是基础研究提升高技术制造业TFP的作用路径,但前沿技术进步的路径机制未得到实证支持,由此提供了我国基础研究对高技术制造业发展支撑不足现象的一种解释。异质性分析表明,基础研究在高技术制造业TFP较低地区的积极影响更显著,企业基础研究对高技术制造业TFP的促进作用大于非企业基础研究。调节机制分析表明,数字经济能够放大基础研究对高技术制造业TFP的提升作用,产学研合作没能正向调节基础研究对高技术制造业TFP的作用。鉴于此,本文提出了促进基础研究发挥生产率提升作用的建议。

Exploring the impact of basic research on the productivity of the high-tech manufacturing industry is an important perspective for understanding the relationship between basic research and the economy.Based on Chinese provincial panel data,this paper uses the Hicks-Moorsteen productivity index to measure the total factor productivity(TFP),and studies the impact and mechanism of basic research on the TFP of high-tech manufacturing industry by empirical analysis.The results show that:Basic research can partly enhance the TFP of high-tech manufacturing industry,and this impact has a lag effect.The analysis of the impact shows that,technical efficiency is a mediation path for basic research to enhance the TFP,but the hypothesis of the mediation path for frontier technology progress has not been supported,thus explaning for the insufficient support of basic research for the development of high-tech manufacturing industry in China.Heterogeneity analysis shows that basic research has a more significant positive impact in areas with lower TFP,and basic research in the enterprise sector contributes more to TFP of high-tech manufacturing than in the non-enterprise sector.Analysis of moderating mechanism shows that the digital economy can amplify the positive impact of basic research on the TFP of high-tech manufacturing industry,industry-university-research collaboration has not been able to amplify the impact of basic research.Based on the above analysis,this paper proposes some suggestions to promote the productivity improvement effect of basic research.