兼顾效率和平衡的城市空间结构——基于中国城市数据的经验研究

Urban Spatial Structure with Efficiency and Balance Considerations:Evidence from China

以2001—2017年中国276个地级城市为研究样本,通过构建经济-社会-环境三维分析框架探究城市空间结构对经济-环境效率和平衡发展的影响。研究发现:单中心结构能够显著提升经济-环境效率和平衡发展综合绩效表现,但城市人口规模越高,多中心结构越有利于实现城市效率和平衡的兼顾发展。单中心结构与空间干预政策组合或多中心结构搭配空间中性政策能够实现经济-环境效率和平衡发展的“多赢”;进一步将空间干预政策细分为环境污染监管政策和积分落户政策,发现通过采用积分落户政策以控制人口规模降低了效率和平衡的综合绩效表现,而提高对环境污染问题的监管则显著提升了综合绩效。综上,单中心结构+空间干预政策和多中心结构+空间中性政策的组合分别从形态和政策导向视角说明了绿色经济会在空间集聚中走向平衡。

This paper measures the spatial structure of municipal cities from 2001 to 2017,and on this basis,it constructs economy-society-environment framework and explores the impact of urban spatial structure on economic-environmental efficiency and balanced development.The results show that the monocentric structure can significantly improve the overall performance of urban economic-environmental efficiency and balanced development.However,the higher the population size,the more conducive the polycentric structure is to achieve efficiency and balanced development.Besides,the combination of monocentric structure and spatial-intervention policy or the combination of polycentric structure and spatial-neutral policy can achieve the economic-enviernmental efficiency and balanced development.What is more,further dividing spatial-intervention policy into environmental pollution supervision policy and points-based household registration policy,it is found that the policy of points-based household registration reduced the overall performance of efficiency and balance,while improving the supervision of environmental pollution issues significantly improved the overall performance.Overall,the monocentric structure+spatial-intervention policy and the polycentric structure+spatial-neutral policy respectively illustrates from the perspective of spatial pattern and policy orientation that the green economy will move towards balance in spatial agglomeration.