碳排放配额作为碳排放权客体之证成

On Carbon Emission Quotas as Objects of Carbon Emission Rights

因碳排放权法律属性不明晰、传统物权思维固化及法政策表达不准确等原因,大气环境容量被误认为是碳排放权的客体,而碳排放配额的独立法律地位因此被忽略。碳排放权不是代表排放资格的权利,而是以碳排放配额为客体的财产性权利。碳排放配额制度是各项市场机制直接作用的对象,具有链接大气环境容量的实体价值,补足碳交易理论瑕疵的作用。碳排放配额具有无形性、双重经济价值来源和有限收益属性,区别于既有的权利客体类型,所以有必要将其设立为新的客体类型,这对维持碳交易市场中政府管理和市场自主调节之间的平衡具有现实意义。

Due to unclear legal attributes of carbon emission rights,rigid traditional property rights thinking,and inaccurate expression of legal policies,atmospheric environmental capacity is mistakenly regarded as the object of carbon emission rights,and the independent legal status of carbon emission quotas is therefore ignored.Carbon emission rights are not the rights representing emission qualifications,but property rights with carbon emission quotas as the object.The carbon emission quota system is the direct object of various market mechanisms,with the physical value of linking atmospheric environmental capacity and filling the gaps in carbon trading theory.Carbon emission quotas have the attributes of invisibility,dual economic value sources,and limited profit,which are different from existing types of rights and objects.Therefore,it is necessary to establish them as a new object type,which is also of practical significance for maintaining the balance between government management and market self-regulation in the carbon market.