新疆北部不同区域暖区暴雪过程水汽特征分析

Analysis of Water Vapor Characteristics During Heavy Snow in Different Warm Regions of Northern Xinjiang

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,主要运用HYSPLIT(拉格朗日后向轨迹)方法模拟追踪了1980-2020年冬季新疆北部27次暖区暴雪天气水汽特征,分析不同源地水汽源-汇关系及其对暴雪的贡献。结果表明,500 hPa主要水汽源地为格陵兰岛和大西洋及其沿岸、地中海和黑海及其附近,对阿勒泰地区暴雪贡献最大的水汽源头是大西洋及其沿岸附近,塔额盆地为地中海和黑海及其附近,沿途损失均较大;700 hPa主要为北欧、大西洋及其沿岸附近、地中海和黑海及其附近,对阿勒泰地区暴雪贡献最大的是地中海和黑海及其附近,塔额盆地是北欧,沿途损失最大前者是地中海和黑海及其附近,后者为大西洋及其沿岸;850 hPa上主要为中亚、地中海和黑海及其附近,前者对暴雪的贡献最大,到达暴雪区后增加较多。各源地水汽随西风气流达到关键区后,主要从偏西(西南)和西北两条路径输入暴雪区,前者占主导地位;对流层低层阿勒泰地区较塔额盆地水汽源地和路径更复杂。基于上述分析,构建了暖区暴雪水汽来源及路径的贡献模型,对阿勒泰地区、塔额盆地各层水汽贡献进行了细致的描述。

This thesis analyzed the data with NCEP/NCAR method,took HYSPLIT(Lagrangian forward trajectory)method to simulate water vapor characteristics of 27 winter snowstorms in northern Xinjiang from 1980 to 2020,and also analyzed the source-sink relationship of water vapor in different regions and its contribution to blizzard.The results show that the main 500 hPa water vapor source is from Greenland,the Atlantic Ocean and its coast,the Mediterranean Sea,as well as the Black Sea and its vicinity.The water vapor source contributing the most to the blizzard in Altay region is from the Atlantic Ocean and its coastal area,the water vapor source contributing the most to the blizzard in Ta'e Basin is from the Mediterranean Sea,the Black Sea and its vicinity,and the losses along the way are great.700 hPa water vapor source is mainly from northern Europe,the Atlantic Ocean and its vicinity,the Mediterranean Sea,as wll as the Black Sea and its vicinity.The water vapor source contributing the most to the blizzard in Altay is from the Mediterranean Sea,the Black Sea and its vicinity,and the greatest losses are in and around the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea;the water vapor source contributing the most to the Ta'e basin is from northern Europe,and the greatest losses are in the Atlantic Ocean and its coasts.850 hPa water vapor source is mainly from Central Asia the Mediterranean Sea,the Black Sea and its vicinity,the former contributed the most to blizzard.After reaching the blizzard area,the water vapor increases.The water vapor in each source reaches the key lizzard areas with the westerly air flow,mainly from the west(southwest)and northwest,and the former path is dominant;The source and path of water vapor in Altay area of lower troposphere are more complicated than that in Ta'e Basin.Based on the above analysis,the contribution model of water vapor source and path of snowstorm in warm area was constructed,and the water vapor contribution of each layer in Altay area and Ta'e Basin was described in detail.