一例犬脾脏恶性淋巴瘤的诊治

Diagnosis and Treatment of a Case of Malignant Lymphoma of the Spleen in a Dog

1只雌性泰迪犬,10岁,体重5.1 Kg,就诊前出现精神萎靡不振,食欲下降,腹部肿大等异常。为了明确病因,采用临床体格检查、实验室检查、影像学检查和剖腹探查术进行诊断,并结合组织病理学诊断结果制定治疗方案。结果表明:该患犬存在较高的炎症并伴随贫血,根据X光、超声及细胞学穿刺怀疑为脾脏肿瘤,为探明具体病因及肿瘤性质,与畜主沟通后进行剖腹探查,发现患犬脾脏上有一较大肿物,占全脾约2/3。为避免该肿物对其它部位器官压迫产生二次伤害,随后对患犬进行全脾摘除术,稳定了患犬体征。通过组织病理学诊断为脾脏恶性B细胞淋巴瘤。根据确诊结果术后对该犬进行CHOP方案化疗,术后6个月患犬状况较为稳定,恢复良好。因此,肿瘤类疾病的组织病理学检查和应用影像学的鉴别诊断至关重要,在术后积极地进行抗肿瘤治疗对延长患犬生存时间也具有积极的意义。

A female teddy dog,10 years old,weighing 5.1 Kg,presented with symptoms of lethargy,decreased appetite,and abdominal enlargement before seeking medical attention.To determine the underlying cause,a diagnostic approach involving clinical physical examination,laboratory tests,imaging studies,and exploratory laparotomy was employed,and the treatment plan was developed based on the findings from histopathological analysis.The results showed that the dog had a high level of inflammation with anemia,and a splenic tumor was suspected on the basis of radiography,ultrasound and cytological puncture.In order to investigate the specific etiology and nature of the tumor,communication with the owner prompted an exploratory laparotomy.This procedure revealed a significant mass on the dog's spleen,which occupied approximately 2/3 of the entire spleen.To avoid secondary injury from compression of other organs by this mass,the dog was subsequently stabilized by total splenic removal.Subsequent histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of malignant B-cell lymphoma originating from the spleen.Based on the diagnosis,the dog received postoperative chemotherapy using the CHOP regimen.Six months after the surgery,the dog's condition remained stable,and it exhibited a positive recovery.In conclusion,histopathological examination of tumor-related diseases and the application of diagnostic imaging are of utmost importance.Additionally,proactive antitumor therapy following surgery plays a crucial role in extending the lifespan of dogs diagnosed with similar conditions.