疏水化多糖自聚集系统的制备方法及其形成机制分析

Analysis of preparation methods and formation mechanisms of hydrophobized polysaccharide-based self-assembly systems

天然多糖作为一种安全、无毒和有效的递送载体材料近年来得到广泛的关注,但两亲性和聚集能力缺乏、空间结构难控及易失稳等缺点制约了其应用,而适度疏水化处理能使多糖分子在高级结构上发生巨变,赋予其更多的结构调控性和应用可能性。该文系统梳理了近5年疏水化多糖的研究进展,主要总结了通过疏水化多糖制备各种自聚集系统(主要包括胶束、反胶束、聚合物囊泡和水凝胶等)的方法路径,分析了其形成的前提条件和分子机制。结果发现可通过选择疏水化多糖种类及其制备方法定制其自聚集系统的结构、粒径大小和形貌等特性,以期实现特定场所应用,为疏水化多糖自聚集体及其递送系统的设计、制备和应用提供基础与依据。

As safe,non-toxic,and effective delivery carrier materials,natural polysaccharides have been widely studied in recent years,but lack of amphiphilicity and self-assembly ability and uncontrolled and unstable spatial structures limit their application.The high-level structures of polysaccharides can be changed greatly by suitable hydrophobic modification,giving more possibilities for their structural regulation and application.The research progress of hydrophobized polysaccharides(HPs)in the last five years was summarized.The preparation methods of various delivery systems(micelles,reverse micelles,polymersomes,hydrogels,etc.)formed by HPs molecules were mainly summarized.Their preconditions and molecular mechanisms were analyzed.Results showed that the structures,sizes,and morphologies of HPs self-aggregation systems could be customized by selecting the types and preparation methods of HPs to achieve specific applications.It provides the foundation and basis for the design,preparation,and application of HPs self-aggregates and their delivery systems.