激光熔覆锡基巴氏合金微观组织与摩擦性能研究

Study on microstructure and friction properties of laser-clad tin-based babbitt alloy

为了解决轮船轴瓦耐磨层出现磨损时轴瓦返炉再制造所产生的资源浪费,对更换下来的轴瓦进行激光再制造研究,提升轴瓦耐磨层的耐磨性,本研究利用激光熔覆正交试验对Q235B钢基材表面进行熔覆,重点研究了激光功率、扫描速率对熔覆层的影响,取得了锡基巴氏合金理想熔覆层的工艺参数。并利用检测设备对熔覆层宏观形貌、成分组成进行了定性分析。使用高速往复摩擦试验机对所得到的熔覆层进行摩擦性能测试分析。结果表明,激光功率为600 W、扫描速度12.5 mm/s、离焦量为+3 mm、搭接率为50%、送粉速率2 r/min时熔覆层的耐摩性能明显提高,激光熔覆技术在一定范围内可以大幅度提升基材的硬度及耐磨性能,此实验结果可以为修复锡基巴氏合金轴瓦提供工艺参考。

In order to solve the waste of resources caused by the bearing remanufacturing when the bearing bearing friction layer is worn out,the laser remanufacturing research was carried out on the replaced bearing to improve the wear resistance of the bearing wear layer,and the laser cladding orthogonal test was used to cladding the surface of Q235B steel substrate,focusing on the influence of laser power and scanning rate on the cladding layer,and the process parameters of the ideal cladding layer of tin-based babbitt alloy were obtained.The macroscopic morphology and composition of the cladding layer were qualitatively analyzed by using the detection equipment.The high-speed reciprocating friction testing machine is used to test and analyze the tribological properties of the obtained cladding layer.The results show that the friction resistance of the cladding layer is significantly improved when the laser power is 600W,the scanning speed is 12.5mm/s,the defocus amount is +3mm,the lap rate is 50%,and the powder feeding rate is 2r/min,and the laser cladding technology can greatly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the substrate within a certain range,and this experimental result can provide a process reference for repairing tin-based babbitt bearings.