地铁制动装置橡胶密封材料的研制与寿命评估

Development and Life Evaluation of Rubber Sealing Materials for Subway Brake Devices

采用丁腈橡胶(NBR)/乙丙橡胶(EPDM)共混,改善耐老化性能;以氯磺化聚乙烯(CSM)作界面增容剂,改善NBR/EPDM共混胶力学性能;以此为基础,制备了标准地铁制动装置橡胶密封材料;对该橡胶材料进行了不同温度下的加速老化实验,基于Arrhenius方程预测了该橡胶材料使用寿命。结果表明,以拉断伸长率作评价指标,推算出该橡胶材料在35℃下使用寿命为25 a;根据制动装置使用温度环境修正该橡胶材料使用寿命最短为32 a;该橡胶密封材料制件在疲劳试验610万次内不发生疲劳失效,疲劳寿命远远超出技术要求,具有较高的安全裕度。

The blend of NBR/EPDM was used to improve aging resistance.CSM was used as the interfacial compatibilizer to improve the mechanical properties of NBR/EPDM blends.On this basis,the rubber sealing material of the standard subway brake device was prepared.Accelerated aging experiments at different temperatures were carried out to predict the service life of the rubber material based on Arrhenius equation.The results showed that the service life of the rubber material was 25 a at 35℃by using the elongation at break as the criteria.According to the temperature environment of the brake device,the minimum service life of the rubber material was 32 a.The rubber sealing material had no fatigue failure within 6.1 million times of fatigue test,and the fatigue life was far beyond the technical requirements and had a high safety margin.