考虑碳市场交易的寡头电力市场均衡分析

Equilibrium Analysis of Oligopoly Electricity Market Considering Carbon Market Trading

在碳市场上线的背景下,发电商需同时参与碳市场与电力市场,并对电力市场均衡产生影响。为研究碳市场及电力市场中发电商的交易决策及两个市场之间的交互影响关系,建立了考虑碳市场交易的寡头电力市场双层均衡模型,该模型可同时考虑发电商在电力市场和碳市场中的博弈行为。针对所建立模型,采用协同进化算法进行纳什均衡的求解。最后通过算例验证了相关模型和算法的有效性,并重点研究了碳市场对电力市场均衡及发电商市场博弈行为的影响。结果表明:在当前采用基准线法进行初始碳配额分配情况下,发电商的策略性行为同时抬高了电价与碳价,其中电价的上涨幅度远小于碳价的上涨幅度。

In the context of the launch of the carbon market,power producers need to participate in both the carbon and electricity markets,which can affect the equilibrium of electricity market.In order to study the trading decisions of power producers in the carbon and electricity markets and the interactive influence relationship between these two markets,a two-layer equilibrium model for the oligopoly electricity market considering carbon market trading,which considers the gaming behaviors of power producers in the electricity and carbon markets.For the established model,the co-evolutionary algorithm is used to solve the Nash equilibrium.Finally,the validity of the relevant models and algorithms is verified via case studies,and the impacts of the carbon market on the equilibrium of electricity market and the gaming behavior of the power producers market are mainly studied.The results show that,in the current case of using the baseline method for initial carbon allowance allocation,the strategic behaviors of power producers raise both the electricity and carbon prices,where the increase amplitude of electricity prices is much smaller than the increase of carbon prices.