面向碳达峰碳中和的电网碳排放因子改进计算方法

Improved Calculation Method of Power Grid Carbon Emission Factor for Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Goals

精准、客观、有效的碳排放核算方法是服务碳达峰碳中和、支撑科学碳减排决策的迫切需要。当前电力用户的间接碳排放被纳入多个省级碳排放试点市场,同时也是各级行政机构进行碳排放统计核算的重要来源,因此电网碳排放因子事关国家碳减排工作大局,根据新形势需要及时完善电网碳排放因子计算方法意义重大。首先论述了电网碳排放因子概念和应用范围,随后梳理了国际典型电网碳排放因子发展现状,基于目前国内常用电网碳排放因子计算方法,从核算周期、核算范围等方面提出了优化建议,重点从有效衔接绿色电力消费的角度,设计了考虑绿色电力消费影响的电网碳排放因子改进算法。算例分析表明,所提改进算法能够更准确反映用户用电行为产生的间接碳排放水平,也能更有效促进绿色电力消纳发展。

The accurate,objective and effective method for accounting carbon emission is an urgent need to serve the goal of"carbon peak,carbon neutrality"and support scientific carbon emission reduction decisions.At present,indirect carbon emission has been included in several provincial carbon emission trading markets,and it is also an important emission source of carbon emission statisti⁃cal accounting by all levels of administrative agencies.Therefore,the carbon emission factor of the power grid has a great impact on the overall situation of the national carbon emission reduction work,so it is of great significance to timely improve the carbon emis⁃sion factor calculation method according to the needs of the new situation.Firstly,this paper discusses the concept and application scope of the carbon emission factor.Then the development of international carbon emission factors is summarized.Based on the cur⁃rent commonly used carbon emission factor calculation method in China,optimization suggestions are put forward from the aspects of accounting cycle and accounting scope,and the power grid carbon emission factor typical algorithm considering the impact of green power consumption is designed.The result of an example shows that the proposed algorithm can more accurately reflect the indirect carbon emission level reflecting users′electricity consumption behavior,and promote the development of green power consumption more effectively.