道阻且长,“行”者将“治”:公共事务的行为治理之道

Long Journey Ahead with Obstacles“yields to”Those Who“act and pursue”:the Way of Behavioral Governance in Public Affairs

行为治理是将行为科学洞见应用于公共治理场域而发展出的治理新模式。行为治理关注政府、组织和公民三类核心治理主体在互动过程中的心理、认知及行为规律,并分析治理主体互动关系的元素特征如何影响主体行为,同时更全面地考虑环境因素对微观行为的影响,以及个体行为汇聚为集体行动并产生更广泛治理结果的机制。行为治理呼吁治理工具的组合运用,强调“助推”和“助力”两大行为工具的内部融通,重视行为工具与传统工具的外部联动。行为治理脱胎于行为公共管理和行为公共政策,更强调各主体间的互动性,更重视环境的复杂性,更主张治理工具在内外部及各层次上的融会贯通。行为治理紧扣治理主体的行为要素,自下而上、从微观到宏观,丰富国家治理现代化的思想库和工具箱。

Behavioral governance is a new model developed by applying behavioral scientific insights to the field of public governance.Behavioral governance focuses on the psychological,cognitive,and behavioral patterns of the three core governance entities,namely the government,organizations,and citizens in the interaction.It analyzes how the element characteristics of the interaction between governance entities affect their behavior.Meanwhile it more comprehensively considers the impact of environmental factors on micro behavior,as well as the mechanism by which individual behavior converges into collective action and produces broader governance outcomes.Behavioral governance calls for the combination and application of governance tools,emphasizes the internal integration of“boosting”and“assisting”,the two major behavioral tools,and stresses the external linkage between behavioral tools and traditional tools.Behavioral governance,as it originates from behavioral public management and behavioral public policies,gives more stress on the interaction between various subjects,focuses more on the complexity of the environment,and advocates the integration of governance tools at internal,external,and various levels.Behavioral governance closely follows the behavioral elements of the governing body,and enriches the think tank and toolbox of modernization of national governance from bottom to top,and micro to macro.