静电纺丝纳米纤维膜在过滤材料中的应用研究

Research on the application of electrospinning nanofiber membranes in filter materials

综述了近年来国内外通过静电纺丝技术制备高效过滤材料的最新研究成果,包括抗菌过滤、高温过滤、空气过滤、液体过滤、自清洁、可降解和可重复利用。发现空气中的杂质主要通过纳米纤维膜的截留、惯性碰撞和扩散、重力和静电沉积来拦截,纳米纤维膜的过滤性能主要由过滤效率和阻力压降决定。认为将静电纺丝法与其他新技术、新方法相结合,并通过掺杂其他支撑材料以纺成筛网状,可以拓宽纳米纤维膜的应用领域,使过滤材料具有可生物降解、抗菌、自清洁等功能。

The latest research achievements in the preparation of high efficient filtration materials through elec⁃trospinning technology both domestically and internationally in recent years are reviews,including antibacterial filtration,high-temperature filtration,air filtration,liquid filtration,self-cleaning,degradation and recyclability.It is found that impurities in the air are mainly removed by the interception of nanofiber film,inertia collision and diffusion,gravity and electrostatic deposition.The filtration performance of nanofiber membranes is mainly de⁃termined by filtration efficiency and resistance pressure drop.It is considered that combining electrospinning with other new technologies and methods,and by doping other supporting materials to spin into screen,the ap⁃plication field of nanofiber membrane can be expanded,and the filter material has biodegradable,antibacterial,self-cleaning and other functions.