大学生就业歧视现象分析与对策探究

Analysis and Countermeasures of Employment Discrimination against College Students

目前,我国大学毕业生就业形势日益严峻,就业难成为大学生普遍面对的问题。大学生就业问题与社会、政府、高校三者密切相关,虽然政府已经努力为大学生提供制度保障,但在大学生求职过程中,就业歧视问题依然存在。大学生在就业过程中,受到的就业歧视主要有性别歧视、户籍歧视、经验歧视、学历歧视等,甚至还有星座歧视、婚姻状况歧视等。大学生遭遇就业歧视的主要原因有:产业发展、人才培养和人才需求之间失衡,部分大学毕业生在劳动力市场中遭受排斥,反就业歧视法律法规缺乏。要消除大学生就业歧视问题,应合理调整高等教育结构,改善产业结构和高校人才培养二者的关系;建立健全反就业歧视相关的法律法规体系;保持积极的就业心态,制定有效的就业决策。

At present,the employment situation of college graduates in China has become increasingly severe,and the employment difficulty has been a common problem that most college students face.Actually,the employment problem of college students is closely connected to the society,government and colleges and universities.Although the government has endeavored to provide college students with institutional guarantees,there are still employment discrimination phenomena when students are applying for jobs.During their job-hunting process,they may encounter various employment discrimination,for example,discrimination in gender,household registration,working experience,college degree and even some unreasonable ones like discrimination in constellation,marital status.Main reasons that why college students confront the employment discrimination include the imbalance between industrial development,talent cultivation and talent demand,the exclusion of some graduates from labor market and the their lack of laws and regulations related to anti-employment discrimination.To eliminate employment discrimination against college students,relevant departments are supposed to take measures to adjust higher education structure of talent cultivation so as to better meet industrial demand,to establish a sound laws and regulations system of anti-employment discrimination and to make effective employment decisions.Besides,college students themselves should keep a positive attitude toward employment.