开放科学场域对青年科研人员职业生涯发展的作用机制

The Mechanism of Open Science Field on the Career Development of Young Researchers

开放科学本身具有“透明、开放、共享”的特征,而开放科学场域不仅能够实现默顿科学规范提出的普遍主义、共享主义、无私利和有组织的怀疑理论的四条基本原则,并且在具备四条基本原则基础上,同时具有开放主义和多元主义两条原则。开放科学场域可以打破学术场域的分层结构、马太效应,消除对青年科研人员身份认同与职业生涯发展的不利影响。在开放科学场域中,通过物质条件保障、声誉系统以及组织运行规则重塑青年科研人员的身份认同,进而促进职业生涯发展。他们不再是学术场域的边缘学者,而是开放科学场域内机会均等的研究者,更是未来学术组织的带头人与科研范式变革的引领者。

Open science has the characteristics of“transparency,openness and sharing”,and the open sciencefield can not only realize the four basic principles of the Universalism,Communism,Disinterestedness and Organized skepticism proposed by Merton’s scientific norms,but also have two principles of Openness and Pluralism.Open sciencefield can break the adverse influence of hierarchical structure and the Matthew effect on the career development of young researchers.In the open scientificfield,the identity of young researchers can be reshaped through material guarantee,reputation system and organization rules,so as to promote career development.They will no longer be marginal scholars in the academicfield,but researchers with equal opportunities in the open scientific field,and the leaders of future academic organizations and scientific research paradigm change.