直升机核生化防护体系集成设计与仿真

Integrated Design and Simulation of Helicopter NBC Protection System

直升机作为国家战略层次的飞行器,其快速进出战场的能力必将在核生化威胁中起到关键作用。为了保障舱内人员的安全,必须对直升机的核生化防护系统进行研究。从系统顶层架构设计出发,基于系统集成手段,设计了一种直升机核生化防护体系。针对各子系统开展了详细构型设计,包括:基于小型高转速电动压气机的气源增压子系统;基于变压吸附原理,可实现机载实时再生的滤毒通风子系统;基于热泵型蒸发制冷循环,利用滑油废热及双蒸发器并联驱动的温度控制子系统;综合座舱超压防护及增压需求的压力调节子系统。基于系统构型,建立了仿真模型,对系统动态性能开展了仿真验证研究。仿真结果表明:在各种极端条件下,舱内压力、温度均满足设计要求。当进入核生化威胁区域时,滤毒通风子系统能够有效吸附有毒物质,吸附床通过机载实时再生,延长了在核生化威胁区域的作业时间,为直升机核生化防护系统设计提供了新的思路。

As a national strategic-level vehicle,a helicopter certainly plays a key role in the nuclear,biological and chemical threat with its ability being capable of rapidly entering and exiting battlefields.To ensure the safety of personnel in cabin,it is necessary to study the NBC protection system of helicopters.In this paper,a helicopter nuclear,biological,and chemical(NBC)protection system is designed in turn from the top-level architecture design of the system based on system integration means.Detailed configuration design is conducted for each sub-system,including air source pressurization sub-system based on a small high speed electric pressurizer,filtration and ventilation sub-system based on the principle of variable pressure adsorption and real-time regeneration on board,temperature control sub-system based on a heat pump-type evaporative refrigeration cycle driven by the use of skidding oil waste heat and parallel drive of double evaporators,and pressure regulation sub-system with integrated cockpit over-pressurization protection and pressurization requirements.Based on the system configuration,a simulation model is established and the dynamic performance of the system is simulated and verified.The simulation results show that under various extreme conditions,both the cabin pressure and the temperature meet the needs of design.While a helicopter enters into the area of NBC threat,the filtration and ventilation subsystem can effectively adsorb toxic substances,and the adsorbent bed is regenerated in real time by on-board,prolonging the operation time in the NBC threat area.The research provides a new idea for the design of helicopter NBC protection system.