由明人笔记中小说资料看明代小说批评生态

Examining the Ming Dynasty Novel Criticism Ecology through Novelistic Materials in Diaries from the Ming Dynasty

明人笔记中包含丰富的小说资料,它们从不同侧面揭示了有明一代小说批评生态的独特样貌。明人小说观呈现出一定的复杂性与矛盾性,其时文化小说观仍占主导地位,但也有人认识到小说文体的独立性,有些人则杂糅文化小说观与文学小说观。明代一些小说评论者对小说家创作心态、才情禀赋及其所处时代之文学生态、文化思潮尤为关注,这些要素成为其小说批评的重要维度。明代小说传播过程中出现的诸如作伪、禁毁以及《水浒传》在民间丰富多样的传播与接受方式,《金瓶梅》在文人小说圈的流传,瞽目艺人的小说演说等,也是观照明代小说批评生态的重要视域。

Diaries from the Ming Dynasty contained abundant novelistic materials that revealed the unique features of the Ming Dynasty's novel criticism ecology from various perspectives.The literary views of Ming scholars presented a certain complexity and contradiction.While cultural perspectives still dominated,some individuals recognized the independence of the novelistic genre,and others blended cultural and literary perspectives.Some novel commentators in the Ming Dynasty were particularly concerned with the mindset,literary talent,and literary ecology of the times in which novelists lived,becoming important dimensions in their novel criticism.Elements such as the novelists'mindset,literary talent,the literary ecology of their era,and cultural trends were particularly scrutinized by some Ming Dynasty novel critics.Additionally,examining the diverse ways in which novels were spread and received during the Ming Dynasty,such as forgery,prohibition,and the varied dissemination and reception of works like Water Margin(水浒传)among the general public,as well as the circulation of The Plum in the Golden Vase(金瓶梅)in literary circles,and the novel performances by blind artists,serves as crucial perspectives to understand the novel criticism ecology of the Ming Dynasty.