“粉玉1号”草莓茎尖组织培养体系及其脱毒效果研究

Study on the Shoot Tip Tissue Culture System and Its Effect on Elimination of Virus for Strawberry Cultivar Fenyu No.1

“粉玉1号”是通过杂交育种方式选育的早熟抗病粉果草莓新品种。从大棚栽培的“粉玉1号”草莓植株上取匍匐茎芽为试料,通过外植体消毒、茎尖剥取、不定芽诱导和生根培养建立了“粉玉1号”茎尖组织培养脱毒技术体系,对茎尖培养苗和大棚栽培植株进行了草莓皱缩病毒(SCV)、草莓斑驳病毒(SMoV)、草莓轻型黄边病毒(SMYEV)和草莓镶脉病毒(SVBV)PCR检测。结果表明,“粉玉1号”草莓外植体灭菌方法为75%乙醇处理30 s,再用0.1%升汞溶液处理10 min;匍匐茎芽一般需剥去1片嫩叶和7片幼叶才能剥出茎尖;茎尖初代培养基宜采用MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA,继代培养基宜采用MS+0.1 mg/L 6-BA,生根培养基宜采用不加植物生长调节剂的1/2 MS。大棚栽培植株样品存在SVBV感染,通过茎尖组培脱除了该病毒,SCV、SMoV和SMYEV在所有样品中均未检出。建立的茎尖脱毒技术体系可为“粉玉1号”草莓工厂化育苗提供参考。

Fenyu No.1 is a new early-maturing,disease-resistant pink fruit strawberry variety derived through cross-breeding.With the shoot tip of Fenyu No.1 strawberry plants cultivated in the greenhouse as the test material,the virus-free and rapid propagation system of Fenyu No.1 strawberry was established by explant disinfection,shoot tip stripping,adventitious bud induction and rooting culture.Detection of strawberry crinkle virus(SCV),strawberry mottle virus(SMoV),strawberry mild yellow edge virus(SMYEV)and strawberry vein banding virus(SVBV)in shoot tip cultured seedlings and greenhouse plants were conducted with PCR.The results showed that the best sterilization treatment of Fenyu No.1 strawberry shoot tip was 75%alcohol for 30 s,then 0.1%mercury chloride for 10 min.Separation of stolon bud usually needs to peel off one tender leaf and seven young leaves from stolon.MS with 0.5 mg·L^(-1)6-BA,MS with 0.1 mg·L^(-1)6-BA was the optimum medium for initial culture and subculture,respectively.The suitable rooting medium is 1/2 MS without plant growth regulators.was detected in samples cultivated in greenhouse.SVBV was eliminated by shoot tip tissue cultured,and SCV,SMoV and SMYEV were not detected in virus-free plants.The shoot tip virus-free and rapid propagation system established in this study will provide a useful reference for the industrialized seedling breeding of Fenyu No.1 strawberry.