地塞米松磷酸钠注射液致会阴疼痛2例

Two cases of perineal pain caused by dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection

本文报告2例口腔颌面外科患者应用地塞米松磷酸钠注射液后,出现会阴一过性疼痛症状,在没有任何处理情况下,症状很快自行消失。本文根据《药品不良反应报告和监测工作手册》推荐的判定关联性五项原则,判定会阴疼痛与地塞米松磷酸钠注射液不良反应关联性为“肯定”。通过查阅文献,对地塞米松磷酸钠注射液致会阴疼痛影响因素进行分析,考虑影响因素主要有以下两方面:一方面与患者本身的性激素水平有关;另一方面与血药浓度关系密切。因此,地塞米松磷酸钠注射液使用时,在保障应用效果的情况下尽量低剂量,选用溶媒稀释后缓慢静推,年轻女性和用药后30 min是关注重点。研究者应尽快探索地塞米松磷酸钠注射液与会阴疼痛之间的关系和相关机制,研究何种用药途径、剂量、浓度、速度能更好地避免地塞米松磷酸钠注射液不良反应,以实现临床用药目的,保证患者用药安全。

This paper reports that two patients of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery experienced temporary pain symptoms of the perineum after the application of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection.Without any treatment,the symptoms quickly disappeared.Based on the five principles for determining relevance recommended in the Manual for Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Monitoring,this article determines that the relevance between perineal pain and adverse reactions of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection is"affirmative".Through the literature review,the influencing factors of perineal pain caused by dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection were analyzed,with the main influencing factors considered as follows:It is related to the patient’s sexual hormone levels.It is closely related to plasma concentration.Therefore,when using dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection,the dosage should be as low as possible,and the solvent shall be diluted before slow intravenous injection while ensuring the application effect.The young women and the period of 30 minutes after medication are the focuses of attention.Researchers should explore the relationship between dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection and perineal pain as well as related mechanisms as soon as possible,and study the medication route,dosage,concentration,and speed to better avoid adverse reactions of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection,to achieve clinical medication goals and ensure patient medication safety.