早期营养干预联合健康宣教对妊娠糖尿病脂代谢及生活质量的影响研究

Study of effects of early nutritional intervention combined with health education on lipid metabolism and quality of life of gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨早期营养干预联合健康宣教对妊娠糖尿病脂代谢及生活质量的影响。方法选取2020年8月至2021年10月于泉州市妇幼保健院治疗的妊娠糖尿病孕妇196例作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各98例。对照组患者采用常规护理方式,观察组患者采用早期营养干预联合健康宣教的方式进行干预。比较两组妊娠糖尿病患者血糖水平、生活质量、疾病认知度评分及血脂水平。结果干预2周后,观察组妊娠糖尿病孕妇空腹、餐后2h及睡前血糖水平均较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预2周后,观察组妊娠糖尿病孕妇生活质量量表(GDMQ)各项评分及中文修订版疾病认知问卷(CIPQ-R)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组孕妇总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)水平较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用早期营养干预联合健康宣教模式能有效提高妊娠糖尿病孕妇疾病认知度,改善其生活质量,并能调节孕妇的血糖及血脂水平。

Objective To explore the effect of early nutritional intervention combined with health education on lipid metabolism and quality of life of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 196 women with gestational diabetes mellitus who were treated in Quanzhou Women’s and Children’s Hospital from August 2020 to October 2021 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into an observation group and a control group by a random number table method,with 98 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received routine nursing,while the patients in the observation group received early nutritional intervention combined with health education for intervention.The blood glucose level,quality of life,disease awareness score and blood lipid level of women with gestational diabetes mellitus were compared between the two groups.Results After 2 weeks of intervention,blood glucose levels of fasting,2 hours after the meal and bedtime of women with gestational diabetes mellitus in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After 2 weeks of intervention,the scores of quality of life questionnaire for women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDMQ)and Chinese illness perception questionnaire revised edition(CIPQ-R)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)levels of pregnant women in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The early nutritional intervention combined with the health education model can effectively improve the disease awareness of women with gestational diabetes mellitus,improve their quality of life,and regulate the blood glucose and blood lipid levels of pregna nt women.