林兆恩三教交融的生死观探微

Study on Lin Zhao-en's Blending of Three Teachings on the Issue of Life and Death

明代中晚期三教融合之风盛行,生死议题的讨论也体现出三教交融的特点。林兆恩以虚空本体为生命的根源与归宿,从“以我之虚空而性命之”到“以我之性命而元神之”,最终又复归虚空的生命证成进路,上契道教内丹宇宙演化模式与儒家尤其是阳明心学学者的同体太虚观,下援儒、道、释三教的心性修养方法,构建出独特的生死观理论,展示出明代思想发展的丰富面向。

In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the discussion on the issue of life and death showed a similar tendency with the prevailing of integration of the three teachings.On the topic of Life and Death,Lin Zhao-en took the void as noumenon,as well as the root and destination of life.He thought that the path of returning to the true life was from"living with the void"to"living as a spiritual being".He quoted the universal evolution mode of Taoism Internal Alchemy and Confucian,especially Yang-ming School's theory of being one with the void,and combined methods of cultivation with Confucianism,Taoism and Buddhism,which constructed a unique view of life and death,showing the diverse development of Ming Dynasty thoughts.