基于认知评价理论结合孕期营养管理对妊娠期糖尿病患者体重、血糖水平及分娩结局的影响

Effects of cognitive evaluation theory combined with nutrition management during pregnancy on weight,blood glucose level and delivery outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus patients

目的观察基于认知评价理论结合孕期营养管理对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者体重、血糖水平及分娩结局的影响。方法选取200例GDM患者,按照随机数字表法分组,每组100例。对照组采用常规孕期管理,研究组采用基于认知评价理论结合孕期营养管理。比较两组患者管理前后的体重、血糖水平、孕期营养知识掌握评分及分娩结局。结果管理后两组患者的血糖水平均较管理前下降,且研究组低于对照组,而体重、孕期营养知识掌握评分较管理前提升,但研究组体重低于对照组,孕期营养知识掌握评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者自然分娩率89.00%与分娩会阴完好率79.00%分别高于对照组的77.00%、59.00%,转部宫产率、产道损伤率、会阴侧切率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而两组新生儿呼吸窘迫率、新生儿窒息率、后出头困难率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论GDM患者予以基于认知评价理论结合孕期营养管理,可显著降低患者血糖水平,控制体重增加,提高孕期营养知识掌握程度与改善分娩结局,效果理想。

Objective To observe the effects of cognitive evaluation theory combined with nutrition management during pregnancy on body weight,blood glucose level and delivery outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods 200 GDM patients were selected and divided into 100 patients in each group according to random number table method.The control group adopted conventional pregnancy management,and the study group adopted cognitive evaluation theory combined with pregnancy nutrition management.The weight,blood glucose level,nutritional knowledge mastery score during pregnancy and delivery outcome of the two groups were compared before and after management.Results After management,the blood glucose level of both groups decreased compared with that before management,and the study group was lower than the control group,while the score of body weight and knowledge mastery during pregnancy improved compared with that before management,the weight of the study group was lower than the control group,and the score of knowledge mastery during pregnancy was higher than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The natural delivery rate of 89.00%and perineal integrity rate of 79.00%in the study group were higher than those in the control group(77.00%and 59.00%),and the cesarean section rate,birth canal injury rate and lateral perineal resection rate were lower than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in neonatal respiratory distress rate,neonatal asphyxia rate and postnatal dyspnea rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The combination of cognitive evaluation theory and nutrition management during pregnancy in GDM patients can significantly reduce the blood glucose level,control weight gain,improve the knowledge of nutrition during pregnancy and the outcome of childbirth,and the effect is ideal.