改革开放后我国高等职业教育发展的历史演进、特征分析与优化策略

The Historical Evolution,Characteristic Analysis and Optimization Strategy of the Development of Higher Vocational Education in China after the Reform and Opening-up

改革开放以来,我国高等职业教育发展历经萌芽、成长和成熟三个重要时期,并形成了从抽象模糊到清晰具体的发展目标,由试点到扩面的发展策略,量的同源分化和质的异体同构并存的发展路径,以及从中央统包到中央引导、地方配套的投入机制等特征。在建设教育强国的新征程中,高等职业教育体系如何进一步高移、公办专科高等职业学校是否应成为本科层次职业学校的发展主体、职业院校和应用型高校如何避免同质化、如何促进各层次高等职业学校内涵建设等成为教育主管部门和高等职业院校需直面的考题。

and vague to clear and specific,a development strategy from pilot to expansion,a development path of co-existence of homologous differentiation in quantity and heterogeneous isomorphism in quality,and an investment mechanism from centralized management to centralized guidance and local supporting.In the new journey of building a strong country in education,how to further raise the level of higher vocational education system,whether public vocational higher vocational college should become the main body of the development of undergraduate vocational university,how to avoid homogenization between vocational colleges and applied universities,and how to promote the connotation construction of higher vocational schools at all levels have become the direct challenges faced by education authorities and higher vocational college.