德国职业教育数字化转型:内容体系与主要特征

Digital Transformation of Vocational Education in Germany:Content System and Main Features

面对世界工业技术发达国家的数字化人才竞争,德国加快了职业教育的数字化转型进程,形成了总揽式的适应德国“工业4.0”的数字化培训转型战略框架。在这一战略背景下,德国联邦政府开始对职业教育数字化发展进行重点布局,主要表现在确立职业教育数字化转型的指导体系,出台职业教育数字化发展的新法规,培养高质量的数字化人才队伍,建立继续教育数字化转型评价体系。针对我国职业教育数字化转型中出现的问题,借鉴德国转型经验,我国应完善顶层规划与制度设计,妥善解决数字资源的不平等问题,重视多主体协作参与,重视数字化职业技能人才的精准匹配,重视数字化职业培训证书设计。

Faced with the competition for digital talents from industrialized countries around the world,Germany has accelerated the digital transformation process of vocational education and formed a comprehensive digital training transformation strategic framework that adapts to Germany's Industry 4.0.In this strategic context,the German federal government has begun to focus on the digital development of vocational education,mainly by establishing a guidance system for the digital transformation of vocational education,introducing new regulations for the digital development of vocational education,cultivating high-quality digital talent teams,and establishing an evaluation system for the digital transformation of continuing education.In response to the problems that have arisen in the digital transformation of vocational education in China,drawing on the experience of Germany's transformation,China should improve top-level planning and institutional design,properly solve the problem of unequal digital resources,attach importance to multi-party cooperation and participation,attach importance to the precise matching of digital vocational skilled talents,and attach importance to the design of digital vocational training certificates.