溶瘤病毒及免疫疗法治疗肝癌研究进展

Research progress in oncolytic virus and immunotherapy for liver cancer

肝癌是最常见的癌症之一,常见的手术治疗方法主要包括经导管动脉化学治疗栓塞术、射频消融术、肝移植手术等,然而这些手术方法对于中晚期肝癌患者的治疗效果不够理想。近年来,随着肿瘤基因治疗和肿瘤免疫学的不断发展,肿瘤治疗方法从传统治疗模式向溶瘤病毒靶向疗法跨越。溶瘤病毒具有复制快、杀伤肿瘤细胞而不破坏其他正常细胞等优点,可通过激活免疫系统、改善肿瘤微环境等机制靶向治疗肝癌。此外,免疫疗法可降低肿瘤复发和转移的能力,从而发挥对肝癌的治疗作用。本文就溶瘤病毒及免疫疗法治疗肝癌的研究进展进行综述,以期为肝癌的临床治疗提供参考。

Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers,and its common surgical treatment methods include transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency ablation,and liver transplantation surgery.However,the treatment effect of these surgeries on patients with mid-to late-stage liver cancer is not ideal.In recent years,with the continuous development of tumor gene therapy and tumor immunology,tumor treatment methods have transitioned from traditional models to targeted oncolytic virus therapy.With the advantages of fast replication,the oncolytic virus can kill tumor cells without damaging other normal cells and realize the targeted treatment of liver cancer through mechanisms such as activating the immune system and improving the tumor microenvironment.In addition,immunotherapy can reduce tumor recurrence and metastasis,thereby exerting therapeutic effects on liver cancer.This article reviews the research progress of oncolytic virus and immunotherapy for liver cancer,aiming to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of liver cancer.