1981—2018年呼和浩特地区大青山南、北侧气温和降水量变化特征分析

Variation Characteristics of Temperature and Precipitation in South and North Towns of Daqing Mountain in Hohhot from 1981 to 2018

文章利用1981—2018年呼和浩特地区大青山南侧(呼和浩特市城区)和北侧(武川县城)的气象观测资料,通过对其年变化趋势、季节变化动态以及相关性进行分析,揭示大青山南、北两侧降水量和气温在不同季节和年际间的变化,为更好地应对气候变化以及进行气候预测提供科学依据。结果表明:大青山南、北两侧年平均气温均呈现升高的变化趋势,且北侧升幅大于南侧;这一升温过程主要是由春、秋季节升温幅度较大所致。就降水而言,大青山南侧年降水量高于北侧,年降水量在年际间同样波动差异较大;大青山北侧伴随气温升高,年降水量存在下降的变化趋势。总体来看,大青山南、北两侧气温升高,气候逐渐趋于干旱,雨热同期的同时,气温和降水存在负相关关系,春、秋季节气温增幅较大将会导致生长季或无霜期延长。

In order to provide scientific basis for better coping with climate change and climate prediction,this article analyzed the variation characteristics of precipitation and temperature from the perspective of time series spatial change,and their annual variation trend,seasonal variation dynamics,and correlations to reveal the seasonal and inter-annual changes of precipitation and temperature in the south and north sides of Daqing Mountain,based on the monthly meteorological data of the south side(urban area of Hohhot City)and north side(Wuchuan County)of Daqing Mountain from 1981 to 2018.The results showed that the annual average temperature on both sides of Daqing Mountain had an increasing trend,and the increase on the north side was greater than that on the south side.This warming process was mainly caused by the warming in spring and autumn.In terms of precipitation,the annual precipitation on the south side of Daqing Mountain was higher than that on the north side,and the annual precipitation fluctuated greatly between years.The annual precipitation in the north of Daqing Mountain had a decreasing trend with the increase of temperature.Overall,the temperature on the south and north sides of Daqing Mountain had increased,and the climate was gradually becoming arid.Although the rainy season and heat season were synchronized,there was a negative correlation between temperature and precipitation.The large increase in temperature in spring and autumn would lead to a longer growing season and frost-freeperiod.