不同营林措施对杨树林生长的影响

Experiment on Effects of Different Forest Management Measures on Growth of PoplarForests

[目的]探讨杨树人工林根蘖更新技术,筛选适用于张家口西部坝下地区较好的营林措施,提升杨树林质量,为“三北”防护林的杨树林的可持续经营提供科学依据。[方法]选择生长势一般甚至稍差的杨树人工林林分,利用随机区组设计的方法,采用断根、施肥(或猪粪上清液)、伐桩等营林措施,在张家口怀安县灵官庙林场开展营林措施对比试验。[结果]不同营林措施均可以在一定程度上提高杨树生长情况,杨树根蘖苗生长良好,其平均树高、胸径均超过了杨树速生丰产林,也优于杨树林人工造林技术,尤其是猪粪上清液的处理组合。其具体排序为:2年生杨树根蘖苗的数量表现为B>A>D>C>E,树高表现为B>D>A>C>E,胸径表现为B>D>A>C>E,而营林成本的顺序则是A>D>B>C>E。[结论 ]各个指标整体表现基本一致,说明断根或伐桩与施肥相结合的营林措施可以明显改善杨树公益林的现状和经营效果,具有在类似地区的普遍推广价值。

[Objective]The aim was to explore the root and tiller regeneration technology of poplar artificial forests,select better afforestation measures suitable for the western Baxia area of Zhangjiakou,improve the quality of poplar forests,and provide scientific basis for the sustainable management of poplar forests in the"Three North"protective forest.[Method]Selecting poplar artificial forest stands with average or even slightly poor growth potential,and using random block design method to carry out comparative experiments on forest management measures such as root cutting,fertilization(or pig manure supernatant),and stumping at Lingguanmiao forest farm in Huai'an county,Zhangjiakou.[Result]Different afforestation measures could improve the growth of poplar trees to a certain extent.The root and tiller seedlings of poplar trees grew well,and their average tree height and diameter at breast height exceed that of fast-growing and high-yield poplar forests.They were also superior to artificial afforestation techniques in poplar forests,especially the combination of pig manure supernatant treatment.The specific order was as follows:the number of 2-year-old poplar root tillers was B>A>D>C>E,the tree height was B>D>A>C>E,the diameter at breast height was B>D>A>C>E,and the cost of afforestation was followed by A>D>B>C>E.[Conclusion]The overall performance of each indicator was basically consistent,indicating that the combination of root cutting or pile cutting with fertilization could significantly improve the current situation and management effectiveness of poplar public welfare forests,and had universal promotion value in similar regions.