高速铁路声屏障通透隔声板选型设计研究

Research on Lectotype Design of Transparent Sound Barrier Unit Plate of High-speed Railway

声屏障通透隔声板是高速铁路声学构件常见类型之一,作为轨旁设施长期承受列车气动荷载,其选型设计是否正确直接影响铁路运营安全。在声屏障通透隔声板选型设计过程中,还存在通透材料抗荷指标未按使用工况进行明确,忽视通透材料厚度设计等问题。为解决上述问题,首先对声屏障通透隔声板通透材料的隔声量、燃烧性能、抗荷性能和抗冲击性能等指标进行分析,给出不同使用场景和不同速度目标值下,玻璃和亚克力等常用通透材料的选用建议;再通过高速铁路通透声屏障列车气动荷载、限制性风速荷载和自然风荷载的取值和工况组合分析,提出声屏障通透隔声板不同工况下的变形抗荷指标、断裂抗荷指标和疲劳抗荷指标;此外,通过对声屏障通透隔声板隔声量、抗冲击性能和挠度的研究,给出不同工况下型材尺寸和不同通透材料厚度。研究表明,常规尺寸的夹层玻璃通透板厚度由抗冲击性能控制,建议其厚度≮(10+0.76+10)mm,台风地区桥梁地段2000 mm×1960 mm规格夹层玻璃厚度建议增加至(11+0.76+11)mm。亚克力材料厚度与通透隔声板尺寸有关,500 mm×1960 mm小尺寸规格亚克力隔声板通透材料厚度由抗冲击性能控制,建议其厚度≮15 mm;1000 mm×1960 mm以上大尺寸规格亚克力隔声板通透材料厚度由挠度控制,其中1000 mm×1960 mm规格亚克力隔声板应用于桥梁地段时,在时速350 km工况下,建议其厚度≮18 mm,台风工况下其厚度≮20 mm。

The transparent sound barrier unit plate is one of the common types of high-speed railway acoustic components.As a trackside facility,it withstands train aerodynamic loads for a long time and affects the safety of railway operations.In the lectotype design process of the transparent sound barrier unit plate,there are still many issues such as unclear anti load indicators and the neglect of determining the thickness of the transparent material.To address the above issues,this paper provided recommendations for the selection of commonly used transparent materials such as glass and acrylic under different usage scenarios and speed target values by analyzing the indicators of sound insulation,combustion performance,load resistance,and impact resistance of the transparent sound barrier unit plate.This paper analyzed the values and working conditions of train aerodynamic load,restrictive wind speed load,and natural wind load for the sound barrier of highspeed railways,and proposed the deformation resistance,fracture resistance,and fatigue resistance indicators of the transparent sound barrier under different working conditions.In addition,calculations were conducted to study the sound insulation,impact resistance performance,and deflection of the transparent sound barrier unit plate,the size of the profile and the corresponding thickness of different transparent materials under different working conditions were given.Research shows that,the impact resistance performance controled the thickness of laminated glass transparent plates of conventional size specifications,and it was recommended that their thickness not be less than(10+0.76+10)mm.In typhoon areas,it was recommended to increase the thickness of laminated glass to(11+0.76+11)mm for bridge sections with a size of 2000 mm×1960 mm.The thickness of acrylic material was related to the size of the transparent sound barrier plates.The impact resistance performance controled the thickness of the transparent material for small sizes of 500 mm×1960 mm acrylic sound barrier plates,and it was recommended that its thickness be not less than 15 mm;Deflection controled the thickness of the transparent material for large-sized acrylic sound barrier plates with a size of 1000×1960 mm or above.When applying the 1000 mm×1960 mm acrylic sound barrier plates to bridge sections,it was recommended that its thickness larger than 18 mm under a speed of 350 km/h,and not less than 20 mm under typhoon conditions.