基于“BIM+仿真模拟”的地铁车站摄像机监控盲区问题研究

Research on Metro Station the Blind Zone of Camera Surveillance Based on“BIM+Simulation”

传统的监控摄像机施工图设计多根据以往经验采用二维设计的方法,不能对监控摄像机的监控区域进行仿真模拟,当末端设备遮挡导致无法通过安防验收时,则需要增加摄像机部署数量,从而出现装修拆改等现象,导致建设工期和建设成本增加。为解决监控摄像机的盲区问题,基于BIM技术,研究一种摄像机监控仿真模拟分析方法。该技术包括目标建筑BIM模型创建、监控摄像机部署、摄像机视场区域和合理监控区域确定、监控摄像机周围物体遮挡影响分析等,应用该技术,可标示出监控区域和盲区范围、绘制摄像机监控范围分布图,确认无盲区现象。该技术能对监控摄像机的监控范围进行仿真模拟,并对盲区进行分析,从而有效地解决监控摄像机盲区的难题,实现BIM技术和安防监控专业的融合,实现监控“无死角,全覆盖”的安防要求,有助于提高城市轨道交通工程、高铁站房、航空机场及商场的监控摄像机施工图设计和施工质量,降低建造成本,提高工程项目运营的安全管理水平。

The traditional construction plan design of the surveillance camera is mainly based on previous experience using two-dimensional design method,it is unable to simulate the monitoring area of surveillance camera.When the terminal devices are obscured so that they cannot be pass security acceptance,it is necessary to increase the number of camera deployment,and results in decoration being demolished and leading to an increase in the construction period and construction cost.In order to solve the blind zone issue in surveillance camera,a method of analyzing the simulation of camera surveillance based on BIM technology was studied.The technique includes creating BIM model of the target building,deploying surveillance camera,determining the field of view area of the camera and reasonable surveillance area,analyzing the factors affecting the obstruction of objects around the surveillance camera,etc.By applying this technology,monitoring areas and blind zones could be marked out,and the distribution of camera monitoring ranges could be mapped to confirm that there was no blind zone.The technology simulated the monitoring range of surveillance cameras and analyzed the blind zones, and effectively solving the problem of the blind zones of surveillance camera and realizing the integration of BIM technology and the security monitoring profession. It realized the security requirements of ‘without dead ends and complete coverage for monitoring’, which improved the construction drawing design and construction quality of monitoring camera in urban rail transit projects, high-speed rail stations, aviation airports and shopping malls, reduced construction costs, and improved the safety management level of project operations.