35份棉花品系对黄萎病抗性鉴定及综合分析

Identification and comprehensive analysis of Verticillium wilt resistance in 35 cotton strains

【目的】筛选出品质优、产量高和抗病性强的棉花品系。【方法】以35份棉花品系为研究对象,对该群体18个主要农艺性状进行主成分和聚类分析。【结果】35份棉花品系的各农艺性状变异系数范围为1.67%(整齐度,UI)~43.10%(相对病情指数,IR),其中相对病情指数(IR)、铃数(TBN)、有效铃数(EBN)和单株皮棉产量(LYPP)变异系数较大,1号(4-13)、2号(4-22)、10号(4-2-7-3)和16号(10Q-67-3)相对病情指数小于20,4个品系对黄萎病的抗性较强;单株皮棉产量与各性状之间相关性不一,与品质性状之间也存在制约;5个主成分特征根值分别为5.334、3.423、3.105、1.298和1.105,贡献率分别为29.636%、19.019%、17.249%、7.214%和6.141%,累计贡献率达到79.259%;将35份棉花品系分为四类,第I类和第Ⅱ类品系综合表现为品质优异,抗病性强类群,但产量低;第Ⅲ类品系综合表现为高产类群,但品质差,抗病性弱;第Ⅳ类品系综合表现为耐病性类群,但产量略低,品质略差。【结论】将各类群与主成分综合得分F值排名前10取交集,优异品系为21号(37-129-3)和30号(44-17-8)。

【Objective】To select cotton strains with high quality,high yield and strong disease resistance.【Methods】35 cotton strains were taken as the research objects,and principal component and cluster analysis on 18 main characters of this population was conducted.【Results】The results showed that the coefficient of variation of agronomic traits of 35 cotton strains ranged from 1.67%(UI)to 43.10%(IR),among which the coefficient of variation of relative disease index(IR),boll number(TBN),effective boll number(EBN)and lint yield per plant(LYPP)were larger.The relative disease indexes of 1(4-13),2(4-22),10(4-2-7-3)and 16(10Q-67-3)were lower than 20,indicating strong resistance to Verticillium wilt;That there was no correlation between lint yield per plant and each character,and there was restriction between lint yield and quality character.The five principal components were 5.334,3.423,3.105,1.298 and 1.105,respectively,and the contribution rates were 29.636%,19.019%,17.249%,7.214%and 6.141%,respectively,with the cumulative contribution rate reaching 79.259%.35 materials were divided into four categories,the group I and group II strains showed excellent quality,strong disease resistance,but low yield.The groupⅢstrains showed high yield,but poor quality and weak disease resistance.The groupⅣof strains showed resistance to the disease,but the yield and quality were slightly lower.【Conclusion】The intersection of the top 10 F scores of each group and principal component was selected,and the excellent material No.21(37-129-3)and No.30(44-17-8)were selected.