学科融合视域下张载“旁求合道”的治学路径探微

Zhang Zai's Academic Path of"Combining the Main Subject and Auxiliary Subjects"from the Perspective of Discipline Integration

张载创立的关学,是宋代以降关中地域文化中最为璀璨的奇葩,是儒学的分支、宋明理学的重要组成部分,这与创始人多学科融合下“旁求合道”的治学路径密切相关。多学科融合能够促进理论创新,“旁求合道”需要“愚公移山”的精神及成就“远器”的志向,从而成就宏阔的学术理想。在张载学术生涯的不同阶段,都能博采诸家学说,其学术转向过程中的“所弃之学”与后转之学具有内在关联,其中的鉴式功能与阶式功能共同推进张载的学术理论创新,尤其是阶式功能在“旁求合道”的多学科融合中发挥了独创性作用。从而造就了张载阔达、深邃的学术思想和家国情怀,创立了具有全国乃至世界性影响的关学。探寻张载“旁求合道”的治学路径,对当下多学科融合发展具有重要的启示意义。

Guan School,founded by Zhang Zai,is the most brilliant wonder in Guanzhong regional culture since the Song Dynasty.It is a branch of Confucianism and an important part of Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism.This is closely related to Zhang Zai's academic path of multi-disciplinary integration of"combining the main subject and auxiliary subjects".Multi-disciplinary integration can promote theoretical innovation,and"combining the main subject and auxiliary subjects"requires the spirit of Yugong's moving mountains and the ambition of achieving lofty aspirations so as to accomplish broad academic ideals.At different stages of his academic career,Zhang Zai was able to learn from various schools of thought.The"abandoned auxiliary subjects"in his academic transition process were intrinsically related to the shifted main subject,and the reference function and hierarchical function jointly promoted Zhang Zai's academic theoretical innovation,especially the latter played an original role in his multidisciplinary integration of"combining the main subject and auxiliary subjects".As a result,Zhang Zai's broad and profound academic thought and patriotism were created,and Guan School was founded with national and even global influence.Exploring Zhang Zai's academic path of"combining the main subject and auxiliary subjects"will have important implications for the current development of multi-disciplinary integration.