王重阳“重性轻命”的无神论倾向

The Atheistic Tendency of Wang Chongyang's Prioritizing Inner Nature and Downplaying Life

因服食外丹所造成的神仙信仰危机,促使隋唐重玄派与宋金内丹学将道教修证由假借外物转向了修持心性。在此背景下,王重阳承继内丹学义理,一方面以识心见性为求真悟道之不二法门,高度拔擢心性修持在求道过程中的作用与地位;另一方面,他藉由“身假性真”的观念彻底消解了道教对形体不灭、飞升成仙的执著,力主以见性觉真于尘世成仙。王重阳革新道教修证工夫与消解飞升成仙信仰均基于对“重性轻命”理念的贯彻,且表征出了无神论的倾向。

The crisis of belief in gods,caused by taking external elixirs,prompted the Chongxuan School of the Sui and Tang Dynasties and the internal elixir school of the Song and Jin Dynasties to shift Taoist cultivation from borrowing external objects to cultivating the mind.In this context,Wang Chongyang inherited the principles of inner alchemy.On the one hand,Wang Chongyang regarded realizing one's true nature as the only way to seek truth and gain enlightenment,and highly promoted the role and status of the cultivation of mind and nature in the process of seeking truth;on the other hand,by adopting the concept of"false body and true nature",Wang Chongyang completely dispelled Taoism's obsession with the immortality of the body and ascending to the immortal,and advocated realizing one's true nature and becoming an immortal in this world.Wang Chongyang's reform of Taoist cultivation and dispelling the belief in ascension to immortality were both based on the implementation of the concept of"prioritizing inner nature and downplaying life"and represented an atheistic tendency.