山地地铁小半径曲线路段车辆/轨道参数对钢轨波磨的影响

Influence of Vehicle/Track Parameters on Rail Corrugation in Sharp Curved Track of Mountain Metros

针对山地地铁小半径曲线轨道钢轨波磨频发问题,根据现场调研建立车辆-轨道系统的动力学模型,探究车辆通过小半径曲线时轮轨间的接触特性。根据动力学分析结果建立半车车体-转向架-轨道系统的有限元模型,采用复特征值分析法研究半车车体-转向架-轨道系统摩擦自激振动特性,并研究车辆悬挂参数和轨道扣件参数对整体系统摩擦自激振动的影响规律。采用神经网络结合遗传算法对影响整体系统摩擦自激振动的关键参数进行多参数拟合,并求得车辆/轨道结构关键参数的优化解。结果表明:小半径曲线路段轮轨间的饱和蠕滑力导致半车车体-转向架-轨道系统的摩擦自激振动,从而引起钢轨波磨;车辆结构参数中一系悬挂横向刚度以及轨道结构参数中扣件垂向刚度、扣件横向刚度、扣件垂向阻尼对整个系统的摩擦自激振动具有明显影响。设置一系悬挂横向刚度为5.34 MN/m,扣件垂向刚度为25.45 MN/m,扣件横向刚度为6.9 MN/m,扣件垂向阻尼为6.06 kN·s/m时,能够有效抑制山地地铁小半径曲线轨道上钢轨波磨的产生。

Aiming at the problem of rail corrugation of sharp curved track in mountain metros,the dynamic model of vehicle-track system was established according to the on-site investigation,and the contact characteristics between the wheel and rail of vehicle when passing the sharp curved track was explored.According to the dynamic analysis results,the finite element model of the semi-car body-bogie-track system was established.The complex eigenvalue analysis method was used to study the frictional self-excited vibration characteristics of the semi-car body-bogie-track system,and the vehicle body-bogie-track system was studied.The influence of suspension parameters and track fastener parameters on the frictional self-excited vibration of the overall system was studied.The neural network combined with the genetic algorithm was used to perform multi-parameter fitting on the key parameters affecting the frictional self-excited vibration of the overall system,and the optimal solution of the key parameters of the vehicle/track structure was obtained.The results show that the saturated creep force between the wheel and rail in the sharp curved track section leads to the frictional self-excited vibration of the semi-car body-bogie-track system,thus causing the rail corrugation.The lateral stiffness of the primary suspension in the vehicle structure parameters and the vertical stiffness of the fasteners,the transverse stiffness of the fasteners,and the vertical damping of the fasteners in the track structure parameters have obvious effects on the frictional self-excited vibration of the whole system.When the lateral stiffness of the suspension is 5.34 MN/m,the vertical stiffness of the fastener is 25.45 MN/m,the lateral stiffness of the fastener is 6.9 MN/m,and the vertical damping of the fastener is 6.06 kN·s/m,the rail corrugation on the sharp curved track in the metro can effectively suppressed.