毛泽东律词吟啸用韵赏论——为纪念毛泽东诞辰一百三十周年而作

An Appreciation of Mao Zedong's Poetry and Rhyming:In Celebration of the 130th Anniversary of Mao Zedong's Birth

《毛泽东诗词集》34首律词,用韵合于清·戈载《词林正韵》15首,轶出词韵而渊源有自及守正创新的“变例”19首。从汉语历史方言、共时方言的视角,比较上古“鱼之合韵”与后世各地方言“支微入鱼”“鱼尤通叶”等的错综关系,发现毛泽东律词的用韵实则非常精确恰当,有些更是守正创新的经典。并非一般毛泽东律词爱好者所言:毛泽东一些律词用韵“出格”“破韵”,确因不欲以辞害意而不得已为之。

Among the 34 regulated verses in the Collection of Poems and Verses by Mao Zedong,15 of them conform to the rhymes in the"Ci Lin Zheng Yun"written by Ge Zai of the Qing Dynasty,and 19 of them deviate from traditional rhyming but demonstrate innovative variations while adhering to the traditional forms.From the perspective of historical and contemporary Chinese dialects,this paper compares the intricate relationship between the ancient Chinese rhyme"鱼"(yu)and its various interpretations in later regional dialects,such as"支微人鱼"and"鱼尤通叶".It is found that Mao Zedong's use of rhymes in his poems is indeed very precise and appropriate,with some being classic examples of both adhering to tradition while seeking innovation.It is not what ordinary enthusiasts of Mao's poems claim:some of Mao Zedong's regulated verses use rhymes that are considered"irregular"or"violating the rhyme",but this was done out of the necessity to avoid harming the intended meaning.