“体教融合”视域下青少年运动员培养中家庭融合的困境及化解路径

Predicament and Its Solution of Family Integration in the Cultivation of Young Athletes from the Perspective of“Integration of Sports and Education”

党的十八大以来,随着“体教融合”等系列青少年体育纲领性政策的颁布及实施,家庭力量更深融入青少年运动员培养是一个必然趋势,而家庭协同参与所面临的诸多现实困境,成为制约“体教”深度融合的关键因素。采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、问卷调查法,对“体教融合”发展中家庭融合所面临的困境及化解路径进行探究。认为家庭在青少年运动员培养中的角色定位是运动员生源基础的储备者、运动员全面发展的保障者、运动员发展资源的协同者、运动员竞技训练风险的应对者和运动员权益保障的监督者。家庭主动理念和主体认同的缺失、家庭自主能力的不足和家庭利益诉求的受阻是其融于青少年运动员培养体系所面临的主要困境。化解以上困境的关键路径是强化家庭融合角色、塑造传统家庭育人文化、创建家庭参与制度、建设家庭融合智慧平台、设立家庭组织机构,从而提高家庭融入青少年运动员培养的自主与协同治理能力。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,with the continuous promulgation and implementation of a series of program-based policies of youth sports such as“integration of sports and education”,it is an inevitable trend that family forces integrated more deeply into the training of young athletes.However,many practical difficulties faced by family collaborative participation have become the key factors restricting the depth of integration of“sports and education”.In this paper,the use of literature,logical analysis,questionnaire method of the difficulties faced by family integration and the path of resolution were explored.The role positioning of family in the training of young athletes is the reserve of the student source,the guarantor of the all-round development of athletes,the coordinator of the development resources of athletes,the responder of the risk of athletes competitive training,and the supervisor of the protection of athlete rights and interests.The lack of family initiative idea and subject identity,the lack of family autonomy and the hindrance of family interests are the main dilemmas they face in the training system of young athletes.The key ways to solve the above problems are:to strengthen the role of family integration,to shape the traditional culture of family education,to create a system of family participation,to build a platform of wisdom for family integration,and to set up family organizations,so as to improve the family’s autonomy and collaborative governance capacity.