论客体对数据基本产权和分类确权的决定作用

On the Determining Role of Object to the Basic Property Right of Data and the Categorical Right Confirmation

数据二十条构建了基本数据产权,但要进一步确权立法,必须依据数据关系客体的不同对数据基本产权作出总体规定,并应根据客体类型作出分别规定。数据及其产品是新型民事关系客体,可被多人同时使用,其财产关系依合同产生具有相对性,这一客观规律决定数据产权为不同于所有权的有限产权。数据产权包括人格性权利和财产性权利,财产性权利以人格性权利为基础。数据确权立法的基本框架包括数据流通中当事人享有的数据持有权、加工使用权、数据产品经营权等基本数据财产权,著作类电子产品当事人的权利,数据直接生成产品当事人的权利,货币结算与比特币的规定,法院管辖、涉外法律适用、仲裁等内容。

20 Articles of Data establishes basic data property rights,but to further legislate on right confirmation,we must make general provisions on basic data property rights according to the different objects of data relations,and should make separate provisions according to the types of objects.Data and its products are new objects of civil relations,which can be used by many people at the same time.Their property relations are of relativity according to the contract.This objective law determines that data property rights are limited property rights different from ownership rights.Data property rights include personality rights and property rights,and property rights are based on personality rights.The basic framework of data rights-confirming legislation includes data possessing rights,processing rights,data product managing rights and other basic data property rights enjoyed by parties in data circulation,rights to electronic products of works,rights to products directly generated by data,provisions on currency settlement and bitcoin,court jurisdiction,application of foreign-related laws,arbitration and so on.