环境监测中干扰采样行为的刑法定性

Criminal Law Qualitative Analysis of Interference Sampling Behavior in Environmental Monitoring

司法实践中,以物理方式干扰环境监测设备采样的行为常被认定为破坏计算机信息系统罪,最具代表性的是最高人民法院第104号指导性案例。然而,此类判决存在三方面问题,即用司法解释架空刑法条文、用保护法益架空构成要件、用系统目的无法实现代替系统不能正常运行。破坏计算机信息系统罪的保护法益应为计算机信息系统的正常运行,以物理方式干扰采样行为不符合《刑法》第286条第1款和第2款。其中,对第1款中“干扰”的限制应从行为对象和保护法益两方面展开。同时,对司法解释的理解也应遵守罪刑法定原则,与刑法规定一致。

In judicial practice,the behavior of physically interfering with environmental monitoring equipment sampling is often recognized as constituting the crime of damaging computer information systems,with the most representative being the Guiding Case No.104 of the Supreme People's Court.However,there are three issues with such judgments,namely,using judicial interpretations to ignore criminal law provisions,using protection of legal interests to ignore constituent elements,and using the system's purpose to replace the system's inability to function properly.The legal interest of the crime of damaging computer information systems should be the normal operation of computer information systems.The behavior of physically interfering with sampling does not comply with Article 286(1)and(2)of the Criminal Law.Among them,the restriction on“interference”in the first paragraph should be carried out from two aspects:the object of conduct and the protection of legal interests.At the same time,the understanding of judicial interpretation should also adhere to the principle of legality of crime and punishment,and be consistent with the provisions of criminal law.