心脏康复运动结合营养干预对急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后的影响

Influence of cardiac rehabilitation exercise combined nutritional intervention on patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention

目的:研究心脏康复运动结合营养干预对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后的影响。方法:于我院治疗的100例AMI患者按照随机数字表法被均分为常规护理组和联合干预组(常规护理组基础上接受心脏康复运动结合营养干预模式),两组均干预两个月。比较两组一般临床资料、干预前后无氧阈(AT)、最大摄氧量(VO_(2peak))、LVEF、6min步行距离(6MWD)、中国心血管病人生活质量评定问卷(CQQC)评分、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分及3个月内心血管不良事件发生率。结果:与常规护理组比较,干预后,联合干预组AT[(10.14±2.81)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)比(14.85±3.80)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)]、VO_(2peak)[(1.23±0.40)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)比(2.44±0.46)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)]、LVEF[(48.96±3.73)%比(55.98±4.31)%]、6MWD[(300.72±33.71)m比(340.47±31.86)m]、CQQC评分[(53.59±6.28)分比(72.93±7.15)分]、GSES评分[(21.21±2.39)分比(32.28±5.44)分]均显著升高(P均=0.001)。联合干预组3个月内心血管不良事件发生率显著低于常规护理组(10.0%比48.0%,P=0.001)。结论:心脏康复运动结合营养干预可显著提高急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后生活质量,改善心肺功能,提高自我效能,降低心血管不良事件发生率。

Objective:To study influence of cardiac rehabilitation exercise combined nutritional intervention on patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:A total of 100 AMI patients treated in our hospital were randomly and equally divided into routine nursing group and combined intervention group(received cardiac rehabilitation exercise combined nutritional intervention mode based on routine nursing group)according to random number table method.Both groups were intervened for two months.General clinical data,anaerobic threshold(AT),maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2peak)),LVEF,6min walking distance(6MWD),scores of China questionnaire of quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases(CQQC)and general self-efficacy scale(GSES)before and after intervention and incidence rate of cardiovascular adverse events within three months were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with routine nursing group,after intervention,there were significant rise in AT[(10.14±2.81)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)vs.(14.85±3.80)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)],VO_(2peak)[(1.23±0.40)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)vs.(2.44±0.46)ml·kg^(-1)·min^(-1)],LVEF[(48.96±3.73)%vs.(55.98±4.31)%],6MWD[(300.72±33.71)m vs.(340.47±31.86)m],scores of CQQC[(53.59±6.28)scores vs.(72.93±7.15)scores]and GSES[(21.21±2.39)scores vs.(32.28±5.44)scores]in combined intervention group(P=0.001 all).Incidence rate of cardiovascular adverse events in combine intervention group within three months was significantly lower than that of routine nursing group(10.0%vs.48.0%,P=0.001).Conclusion:Cardiac rehabilitation exercise combined nutritional intervention can observably improve quality of life,cardiopulmonary function,enhance self-efficacy and reduce incidence rate of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention.