心功能等级化康复护理在心肌梗死介入术后患者中的应用

Application of Graded Rehabilitation Nursing for Cardiac Function in Patients with Myocardial Infarction after Interventional Surgery

目的:探讨心功能等级化康复护理在心肌梗死介入术后患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年4月1日~2022年11月30日心血管科收治的120例心肌梗死介入术后患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为参照组和干预组各60例,对照组实施常规康复护理,干预组实施心功能等级化康复护理措施。比较两组心功能指标、肢体功能[采用简式Fugl-Meyer评定量表(FMA)]、心绞痛发作频次、首次下床时间、平均住院时间、心脏不良事件发生情况。结果:干预4周后,两组凝血酶原时间(PT)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)指标水平均优于入院1 d(P<0.05),且干预组优于参照组(P<0.01);干预4周后,两组FMA中下肢评分、上肢评分、总得分均高于入院1 d(P<0.05),且干预组高于参照组(P<0.01);干预组心绞痛发作频次、心脏不良事件发生例数均少于参照组(P<0.05),首次下床时间、平均住院时间均短于参照组(P<0.05)。结论:对心肌梗死介入术后患者采取心功能等级化康复护理,有利于提高心脏、肢体功能水平,减少心绞痛发作频次,缩短首次下床时间和住院时间,降低心脏不良事件发生率。

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of cardiac function grading rehabilitation nursing in patients with myocardial infarc-tion after interventional surgery.Methods:120 postoperative patients with myocardial infarction from April 1,2021 to November 30,2022 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group,with 60 patients in each group.The control group received routine rehabilitation care,while the intervention group received graded rehabilitation care for cardi-ac function.The cardiac function indicators,limb function[Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA)scale],frequency of angina attacks,first time out of bed,mean length of hospital stay,and incidence of adverse cardiac events were compared between the two groups.Results:After 4 weeks of intervention,the levels of prothrombin time(PT),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD),and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in both groups were better than those at 1 day of admission(P<0.05),and the intervention group was better than the control group(P<0.01).After 4 weeks of intervention,the lower limb,upper limb,and total scores in both groups of FMA were higher than those at 1 day of admission(P<0.05),and the intervention group was higher than the control group(P<0.01).The intervention group had fewer an-gina attacks and fewer adverse cardiac events than the control group(P<0.05),the first time out of bed and mean length of hospital stay were both shorter than those in the control group(P<005).Conclusion:Adopting graded rehabilitation nursing for patients with myocardial infarction after interventional surgery is beneficial for improving the level of heart and limb function,reducing the frequency of angina at-tacks,shortening the first time out of bed,average hospital stay,and reducing the incidence of adverse cardiac events.