基于16S rDNA测序分析不同剩余采食量皖南黄兔盲肠中微生物菌落多样性

Analysis of Microbial Colony Diversity in Cecum of Wannan Yellow Rabbits for Different Residual Feed Intake Based on the 16S rDNA Sequencing

[目的]本研究旨在探究皖南黄兔个体间剩余采食量水平差异与盲肠菌群多样性的关系。[方法]选取体重、年龄相近的110只皖南黄兔仔兔进行60 d的饲养试验,试验结束后测定个体剩余采食量(residual feed intake, RFI),根据RFI值选出5只高RFI和5只低RFI皖南黄兔母兔,分别为H组(高RFI值)和L组(低RFI值)。利用16S rDNA扩增子测序技术对H组和L组母兔盲肠内容物进行比较分析。[结果]不同剩余采食量水平的家兔盲肠菌群组成丰富度无显著差异(P>0.05),而菌落多样性存在一定差异。L组黄兔盲肠微生物中纺锤链杆属(Fusicatenibacter)、经黏液真杆菌属(Blautia)、毛螺菌属(Lachnospira)、草酸杆菌属(Oxalobacter)、肠杆菌属(Intestinibacter)的相对丰度显著高于H组(P<0.05);Paludicola、Mailhella、螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)的相对丰度显著低于H组(P<0.05)。[结论]不同RFI水平的皖南黄兔群体盲肠菌群多样性和结构组成存在一定差异,包括毛螺菌属、纺锤链杆菌属、结肠杆菌等与血脂代谢、血糖调节过程相关的菌群在两组间的丰度存在显著差异。调节肠道菌群的结构及丰度可能是改善家兔饲料利用效率的有效途径。

[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the level of residual feed intake in Wannan Yellow rabbits and the diversity of cecal microbiota.[Method]A total of 110 rabbits with similar body weight and similar days of age were selected for the feeding experiment lasting 60 days.The residual feed intake(RFI)was measured after the experiment.Ten rabbits with high(n=5)and low(n=5)RFI were selected and divided into the H(high RFI)and L(low RFI)groups.16S rDNA amplification sequencing technique was used to compare and analyze the cecal contents of H and L groups.[Result]There was no significant difference in the abundance between these two groups(P>0.05).However,the bacterial diversity was different.The relative abundance of Fusicatenibacter,Blautia,Lachnospira,Oxalobacter and Intestinibacter in L groups was significantly higher than that in the H groups(P<0.05),while the abundance of paludicola,Mailhella,Helicobacter,Pseudomonas was significantly higher in L groups(P<0.05).[Conclusion]There were some differences in the diversity and structure of cecal microflora in different RFI of Wannan Yellow rabbits,including Lachnospira,Fusicatenibacter,Colidextribacter,which were related to lipid metabolism and blood glucose regulation.Adjusting the structure and abundance of intestinal microflora may be an effective way to improve the feed efficiency of rabbits.