调教训练不同阶段对伊犁马粪便代谢组学的影响

Effects of Conditioning Training at Different Stages on Fecal Metabolomics in Yili Horses

[目的]研究调教训练不同阶段伊犁马粪便代谢物变化特征,初步筛选受影响伊犁马调教训练的差异代谢物。[方法]于新疆伊犁昭苏马场选取饲养管理一致、未经调教训练的10匹速步型伊犁马,分为两组,一组开展专项训练,另一组为未训练组。采集训练第30、60天的马匹粪便样本,采用液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)技术进行非靶向代谢组检测,并对检测结果进行分析。[结果]训练第30天组(QY)和未训练第30天组(QB)比较结果中有27个正离子模式代谢物和20个负离子模式代谢物差异显著,2-花生酰基甘油、丙酰左旋肉碱和肌酸等代谢物显著上调,代谢物主要聚集在β-丙氨酸代谢、精氨酸与脯氨酸代谢、戊糖磷酸途径、花生四烯酸代谢、5-羟色胺能突触等代谢途径中。训练第60天组(HY)和未训练第60天组(HB)比较结果中有57个正离子模式代谢物和33个负离子模式代谢物差异显著,棕榈油酸、棕榈酸、甲睾酮和褪黑素等代谢物显著上调,皮质醇和叶酸等代谢物显著下调,代谢物主要聚集在类固醇激素生物合成、库欣综合征、皮质醇的合成和分泌、神经活性配体-受体相互作用、脂肪酸生物合成、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成等代谢途径中。[结论]调教训练不同阶段伊犁马粪便代谢物之间存在差异,为改善马匹的整体健康水平和促进运动表现提供了基础理论依据。

[Objective]This study was aimed to explore the change characteristics of fecal metabolites in Yili horses at different stages of conditioning training,and initially screen the differential metabolites affected by conditioning training in Yili horses.[Method]Ten galloping Yili horses with consistent management and untrained training were selected from Zhaosu horse farm in Yili,Xinjiang,and divided into two groups,one group for special training,and the other group for untrained.Feces samples were collected on the 30th and 60th day of training,non-targeted metabolome detection was performed by LC-MS method,and the detection results were analyzed.[Result]Compared with training(QY)and untraining(QB)groups at the 30th day,there were significant differences in 27 positive ion mode metabolites and 20 negative ion mode metabolites,and metabolites such as 2-arachidyl glycerol,propionyl L-carnitine and creatine were significantly upregulated.The metabolites were mainly concentrated inβ-alanine metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,pentose phosphate pathway,arachidonic acid metabolism,5-hydroxytryptaminergic synapse and other metabolic pathways.There were 57 positive ion mode metabolites and 33 negative ion mode metabolites between training(HY)and untraining(HB)groups at the 60th day.The metabolites of palmitoleic acid,palmitic acid,methyltestosterone and melatonin were significantly upregulated,while the metabolites of cortisol and folate were significantly downregulated.The metabolites were mainly concentrated in steroid hormone biosynthesis,Cushing syndrome,cortisol synthesis and secretion,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,fatty acid biosynthesis,unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways.[Conclusion]There were differences in fecal metabolites of Yili horses at different stages of conditioning training,which provided theoretical basis for improving the overall health level of horses and promoting exercise performance.