工作整合型社会企业参与助残赋能的困境及其破解对策——以X店为例

A Study on the Dilemma and the Solution of Work Integrated Social Enterprises in Empowerment for Disability:Based on X Restaurant

助残赋能是一个动态过程,通过帮助残疾人就业以提高残疾人参与生产生活的能力,进而实现残疾人的社会融合。工作整合型社会企业(WISE)具有公益性与逐利性双重价值属性,在助残赋能中具有独特作用,其作用的发挥是政府和市场共同作用的结果。采用个案研究法,选取X店作为案例,从价值层面、资源层面以及运营层面分析WISE参与助残赋能的行为逻辑与目标定位。研究发现,WISE正面临公益性与逐利性目标设定错位、资金来源不持续、市场资源获取困难、经济效益不稳定、扩张困难等困境。从政府与市场关系角度来看,该困境正是由于政府政策规制不足而无法缓解秉持逐利本质的市场对WISE助残赋能造成的消极影响。突破这一困境的关键在于加强政府政策规制,在价值层面,实现从低维度到高维度的助残价值判断标准转向;在资源层面,强化政府责任,帮助链接各方资源;在运营层面,加大对WISE的宣传,推动对优秀社会企业家的培养,以创造一个能够真正实现WISE助残赋能价值的有利环境,充分发挥WISE在助残赋能中的作用。

Empowerment for disability is a dynamic process.Disability can improve their ability to participate in production and life by finding employment,and then realize social integration.Work integration social enterprise(WISE)has dual value attributes of public welfare and profit-seeking,and plays a unique role in empowerment for disability.Its role is the result of the joint action of the government and the market.By using the case study method,X Restaurant was selected as a case to analyze the behavioral logic and goal positioning of WISE participating in empowerment for disability from the value,resource and operation aspects.It can be found that WISE is facing difficulties such as misplaced public welfare and profit-seeking goals,unsustainable funding sources,difficulties in obtaining market resources,unstable economic benefits and difficulties in expansion.From the perspective of the relationship between the government and the market,this dilemma is due to the lack of government policies and regulations,which cannot alleviate the negative impact of the profit-seeking market on WISE participating in empowerment for disability.Therefore,the key to break through the dilemma is to strengthen the government policies and regulations regulation.In terms of value,change the judgment standard of disability value from low dimension to high dimension.In terms of resource,strengthen the government's responsibility and help link resources of various parties.In terms of operation,increase the publicity of WISE,promote the training of outstanding social entrepreneurs,to create a favorable environment that can truly realize the value of WISE participating in empowerment for disability,and give full play to the role of WISE in empowerment for disability.